Chapter 17 Lesson 2 Geography Turkey

Mustafa Kemal

a military officer that took over the government; later he adopted the name Kemal Ataturk (Father of Turks); he created a democratic nation & moved the capital to Anarka from Constantinople, which was renamed Istanbul; banned the fez & changed it to European hats; replaced Arabic alphabet to a Latin one

Seljuk Turks

a nomadic people from central Asia that invaded this area in AD 1000s

Romans

these people invaded the area, captured the city of Byzantium &n renamed it Constantinople

president & prime minister

these share executive power

Islamic political parties

they have attempted to increase Islam's role on Turkish society

dams

they spent billions of dollars building these to increase water supply; provide hydroelectricity; restricted the flow of river water into neighboring countries

COnstantinople

this became the capital of the Byzantine empire; it was an important trading part when the Romans had it

Ottoman Empire

this empire was very powerful during the 1500s & 1600s; they controlled the territory in northern Africa, southwestern Asia, & southeastern Europe; they fought on the losing side in WWI & lost most of their territory

Turkey's economy

this includes modern factories, village farming, & craft making

earliest farming villages

8000 years ago Turkey was home to this

secular state

Turkey is this even though most people are Muslim

democratic nation

Turkey was this government by the 1920s

reflection of some Kemal's changes

Turkey's culture today

Istanbul

Turkey's largest city; it serves as an economic bridge to Europe as Turkey plans to join the EU

National Assembly

Turkey's legislature

agriculture

about 30% of Turkey's labor force works in this

Ankara

capital of Turkey; government meets here

major crops

grains, cotton, sugar beets, & hazelnuts

Kebabs

grilled meats on a skewer; favorite Turkish dish

Ottoman Turks

in 1453 these turkish people captured Constantinople &n made i the capital of their Islamic Empire

Turkish law

man is only permitted one wife

secular

means that religion is kept separate from the government

ethnic Turks

most Turkey people are this ethnic

Turkish cooking

olives, vegetables, cheese, yogurt, & bread

Turkey

rich in natural resources like oil, coal, & iron ore; also water

Islam

strongly influences Turks attitudes on matters such as the role of women; allows a man to have up to 4 wives

most important industries

textiles & clothing, cement, & electronics

Kurds

the largest minority & make up 20% of the population

fez

the traditional hat of Turkish men