Chapter 17 Lesson 4 Geography Lebanon, Syria, & Jordan
Bashar al-Assad
Hafiz's son that became president after his dad's death; he was elected president in 2000; main goal is to improve Syria's economy
Hafiz al-Assad
the Syrian dictator; as a president he increased the size of Syria's military; he wanted to match Israel's military strength & protect his rule from his political enemies within Syria
Amman
the capital of Jordan; the largest city
Maronites
the largest of the Christian groups in the country; always a president
90%
the percent of Arab people in Syria
10%
the percent of Kurds & Americans in Syria
Syrian troops
these people stayed in Lebanon until they were pressured to leave in 2005
British
they controlled Jordan & named an Arab prince as the monarch of the new country
farmers
they grow fruits & vegetable & raise sheep & goats
Muslims
this religion is divided into Sunni, Shia, & Druze groups
1990
warfare lasted till this time; after this time Syria continued to maintain a strong influence to Lebanon
Christian
10% are this religion
Druze & Alawites
16% are this; members of small religious groups related to Islam
Sunni Muslim
75% of Syrians are this religion
Bedouins
Arabic- speaking nomads who mostly live in the deserts of Southwest Asia
economic aid
Jordan depends on this from oil-rich Arab nations & the US
phosphates , cement, & potash
Jordan produces these resources
Arab
Lebanon's people are overwhelming this but are divided by religion
1970
a civil war broke out; Muslims, Palestinian refugees, fought against Christians
Lebanon
a small mountainous country on the Mediterranean coast; it is home to several different groups of people; during the Ottoman period many religious & ethnic groups settled here; after WWI France controlled this place; independence in 1940s; France influenced the country's culture; Syria strong influence; Syrian's stayed here until they were pressured to leave
Syria, Lebanon, & Jordan
all of these countries have Arab as the majority of their population; they have been in conflicts w/ Israel; they also share a similar history, religion, & culture
Syria
became part of the Ottoman empire in 1500s; after WWI France controlled this country; became independent in 1940s ; 1971-2000, was led by a dictator; socialist government; own the countries oil refineries, large electronic plants, railroads, & some factories; manufacturing goods- textiles, food products, & chemicals
Beirut
capital of Lebanon; it was badly damaged by the religious civil war
Damascus
capital of Syria; it is believed to be the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world; leading regional trading center
2006
cross border attacks by Lebanese guerrillas against Israel led to fighting between the 2 countries during this time
Jewish communities
has some of these in some cities in Syria
King Hussein
he led from 1952-1999 in Jordan; enacted some democratic reforms in the 1990s
Jordan
history has been full of conflict; few resources; powerful neighbors; created after WWI; became independent in the 1940s; population is small; people lived a nomadic or semi-nomadic life; hundreds of thousands of Palestinian Arab refugees fled to Israel & came here
Arabic & French
many Lebanese speak this language
Muslim & Christian
most Lebanese are these religions; they shared power in Lebanon
iron ore, basalt, & phosphates
rich mineral resources