Chapter 17 Test Review

Composer of the "Messiah":

Handel

The Constitutional Convention began as:

A meeting to revise the Articles of Confederation.

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, poet and nun, advocated the ________ of women.

Education

Montesquieu's most lasting contribution to political thought was his:

Analysis of the system of checks and balances.

Wrote 'On The Fabric of the Human Body', which presented a careful and accurate examination of human anatomy.

Andreas Vesalius

Created the scientific method:

Francis Bacon

Fredrick the Great is credited with making ________ a great European power.

Prussia

Made Great Britain the world's greatest colonial power:

The Treaty of Paris in 1763

The Treaty of Paris in 1783 granted the Americans control of:

The western territory from the Appalachians to the Mississippi River.

Developed a philosophy based on the idea "I think, therefore I am":

Rene Descartes

The greatest figure of the Enlightenment was ________.

Rene Descartes

Who has been rightly called the father of modern rationalism?

Rene Descartes

The American nation's first constitution:

The Articles of Confederation

Ten amendments that guaranteed certain freedoms:

The Bill of Rights

Long considered the greatest genius of the Scientific Revolution:

Isaac Newton

________ invented a system of naming the elements and is regarded by many as the founder of modern chemistry.

Antoine Lavoisier

The American nation's first constitution was called the:

Articles of Confederation

Architect of the Church of the Fourteen Saints:

Balthasar Neumann

The first ten amendments to the Constitution of the United States are called the ________.

Bill of Rights

Believed the universe was heliocentric:

Copernicus

Was the first to argue that the sun, not the Earth, was the center of the universe.

Copernicus

Isaac Newton's universal law of gravitation.

Every object in the universe is attracted to every other object by a force called gravity.

First country to grant diplomatic recognition to the new American State:

France

Was the first country to grant diplomatic recognition to the new American state.

France

_______ was a Greek physician whose medical ideas dominated the medieval world.

Galen

First European to study stars using a telescope:

Galileo Galilei

Commander in chief of the Continental Army:

George Washington

The work of ______ shows the use of enchantment in the rococo style.

Giovanni Batista Tiepolo

Adam Smith believed in laissez-faire, by which he meant that:

Government should not control the state or business.

Galileo's observations seemed to indicate that:

Heavenly bodies were composed of material substance.

Believed members of society should be forced to follow a social contract:

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Argued that every person was born with a tabula rasa, or blank mind:

John Locke

During the Enlightenment ________ tried "to lower religion to the level of the lowest people's capacities."

John Wesley

________ of Austria initiated many reforms including abolishing serfdom and eliminating the death penalty.

Joseph II

The idea that the state should not interfere with the economy:

Laissez-faire

To Voltaire and many other philosophes, the universe was:

Like a clock.

The War of the Austrian Succession began because ________ ascended to the throne.

Maria Thereasa

One of the first advocates for women's rights was ________.

Mary Wollstonecraft

John Locke's ideas suggest that people were:

Molded by experiences.

Composed The Marriage of Figaro, The Magic Flute, and Don Giovanni, three of the world's greatest operas.

Mozart

The intellectuals of the Enlightenment:

Philosophes

The ________ theory stated that the sun was the center of the universe.

Ptolemaic

Earth at the center of a series of concentric spheres:

Ptolemaic system; geocentric

Created a federal system in which power would be shared between the national government and the state governments:

Separation of Powers

Blank mind:

Tabula Rasa

As a result of the Treaty of Paris in 1763:

The French left India to the British.

Well known for his criticism of Christianity and his strong belief in religious toleration:

Voltaire

According to the Ptolemaic system:

The universe is a series of concentric spheres.

Francis Bacon, an English philosopher, believed scientists should:

Use inductive reasoning.

Which British head of cabinet acquired Canada and India?

William Pitt the Elder

The army of Cornwallis surrendered to the combined American and French forces at ________.

Yorktown