Chapter 18: Disorders of Thought, Emotion, and Memory Prep U

Experiencing auditory hallucinations

6 months

The client tells a nurse that "many voices in his head are telling him what he should do." The nurse thinks he may be experiencing:

A hallucination

What is the most common cause of progressive dementia?

Alzheimer disease

The nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing hallucinations and delusions during an acute phase of schizophrenia. What class of medication should the nurse anticipate the health care provider will prescribe?

An antipsychotic such as risperidone

What is the term used to identify a person's inability to experience pleasure in things that use to result in pleasure?

Anhedonia

A client has sought treatment because of the overwhelming anxiety the client experiences regarding the safety of the client's young children. The client admits that the client will not normally let the client's children leave the client's sight for fear that they will be abducted, abused, or injured. The client is unable to function at work as a result of this anxiety. The nurse would recognize that this client experiences which condition?

Anticipatory anxiety

A client has been diagnosed with stage 5 Alzheimer dementia. The nurse would note which manifestation while assessing this client?

Disorientation to time and place

A 50-year-old woman has experienced devastating consequences in her family and work life as a result of her longstanding alcohol addiction. Her levels and pathways of which neurotransmitter are likely to differ from an individual's without addiction?

Dopamine

Which chemical in the body is associated with the need to continue to abuse addictive substances?

Dopamine

A client states that the client has just had an argument with the client's spouse over the phone. What can the nurse expect that the client's sympathetic nervous system has stimulated the client's adrenal gland to release?

Epinephrine

Which assessment question is most likely to allow the nurse to differentiate between anxiety disorder due to a general medical condition and psychological factors affecting a medical condition?

Establishing whether the client's anxiety preceded the medical problem or whether the medical problem appeared first

The spouse of a client with schizophrenia asks the nurse why the client claims to "hear bad voices" when no one is around. The most accurate response is that the client is most likely undergoing which manifestation?

Experiencing auditory hallucinations

A nurse assessing an older adult client for signs and symptoms of depression would assess for which manifestations? Select all that apply.

Inability to make decisions Fatigue Feelings of worthlessness

An adolescent client reveals that she is about to take a math test from her tutor. Nursing assessment reveals mild anxiety. The nurse explains that this level of anxiety does what?

Is conducive to concentration and problem solving

A nurse is teaching a client and family about best practice to minimize the cycling of bipolar disorder. Which instruction should be included in this teaching plan?

Maintain a steady pattern of sleep and activity.

A client has been experiencing insomnia, loss of appetite, feelings of guilt, feelings of worthlessness, and loss of interest in normal activities. What type of depression does the nurse theorize this client is experiencing?

Major depressive disorder

A health care provider has diagnosed a client with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome based on the client's discrete memory impairment and confabulation. Which assessment finding by the nurse would correspond with the confabulation finding?

Making up information the client can't remember to fill in gaps in the conversation

What is the task of the prefrontal area of the brain?

Manage information

Which statement best captures the current understanding of the etiology of mental illness?

Mental illness exists from the interplay of biologic factors and psychosocial influences.

Thought and memory pass across synapses in the brain. What are the neural circuits transmitted by new or reactivated pathways called?

Neuronal networks

Although no definite genetic links for specific psychiatric disorders have been identified, which disorder is thought to be heritable?

Schizophrenia

Recent animal and human studies strongly indicate which genetic factors may predispose an individual to a psychiatric disorder? Select all that apply.

Stress reactivity Temperament toward reactivity

The nurse understands that a certain level of anxiety is required in a client for effective learning. Which anxiety-related symptom indicates the client may be able to learn effectively?

The client has heightened awareness.

The nurse is assessing a client with anxiety. Which behavior might indicate that the client has moderate anxiety?

The client is nervous and agitated

A nurse is caring for a client who has panic attack. The nurse takes the client in a small, isolated room. How would this intervention benefit the client? Choose the best answer.

The client would have an enhanced sense of security.

While caring for a client with Alzheimer dementia, the family asks about the medication. Which advantage of the cholinesterase inhibitors should the nurse mention?

They may slow the progression of the disease

Which question in the assessment of a client with anxiety is most clinically appropriate?

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