Chapter 18
Which of the following describes a neutrophil?
abundant, granular, especially effective against bacteria
What is the function of water in the plasma?
acts as a solvent and suspending medium for blood components
The process in which antibodies attach to antigens, causing the formation of masses of linked cells, is called ________.
agglutination
Which of the following constituents of the blood plasma help to maintain the osmotic pressure of the blood?
albumin
plasma proteins
albumins, globulins, fibrinogen
platelets
are also known as thrombocytes, are actually fragments of cells, play a role in preventing blood loss, can become sticky when exposed to connective tissue
T and B lymphocytes ________.
are most active against parasitic worms
In contrast to red blood cells, leukocytes
can leave the blood and move by amoeboid movement through tissues.
Blood is a type of __________tissue.
connective
A molecule of hemoglobin ________.
consists of four globin proteins, each bound to a molecule of heme
The process of blood cell production is called
hematopoiesis
All of the formed elements of the blood are formed from a single population of cells called
hemocytoblasts
Hemophilia is characterized by ________.
inadequate production of clotting factors
The biconcave shape of red blood cells
increases the surface area of the red blood cell.
Cross matching of blood
is done to help ensure that there are no new antigens formed in the recipient.
vitamin k
is important for the synthesis of clotting factors.
Red blood cell production
is stimulated by erythropoietin
A patient has been experiencing severe, persistent allergy symptoms that are reduced when she takes an antihistamine. Before the treatment, this patient was likely to have had increased activity of which leukocyte?
k
Aging and damaged erythrocytes are removed from the circulation by ________.
k
Defective red blood cells are broken down
k
Each hemoglobin molecule
k
Erythropoietin
k
Following birth, a newborn's bilirubin levels can increase faster than their liver can break it down. Which of the following is frequently used to treat this condition in newborns?
k
Given these compounds: 1) fibrin, 2) fibrinogen, 3) prothrombin, 4) thrombin; Which of these sequences represents the most correct order of normal clotting factor activation?
k
Hemolytic disease of the newborn is a risk during a subsequent pregnancy in which ________.
k
The healing process after clot formation involves
k
The loss of the nucleus and most organelles in red blood cells
k
The process by which leukocytes squeeze through adjacent cells in a blood vessel wall is called ________.
k
The production of healthy erythrocytes depends upon the availability of ________.
k
Which of the following could cause an abnormal prothrombin time?
k
Which of the following statements about albumin is true?
k
Which of these does NOT help to prevent blood loss?
k
Which of these leukocytes is NOT correctly matched with its function or description?
k
Which of these statements about antigen-antibody interactions is correct?
k
Which of these statements concerning the differential white blood cell count is NOT correct?
k
_____________ enlarge and perform phagocytosis, especially when out of the blood and in tissues.
k
________________ are involved in the destruction of worm parasites.
k
bilirubin
k
platelet adhesion
k
platelets
k
People with ABO blood type O ________.
lack both antigens A and B on their erythrocytes
__________________ are the largest of the leukocytes.
monocytes
A red blood cell (RBC) count on an adult male showed 5 million red blood cells per cubic millimeter of blood. We should consider this to be
normal
Which of these substances dissolves clots?
plasmin
Thrombocytes are more accurately called ________.
platelets
Normally, the volume of the blood plasma
remains fairly constant with water intake through the digestive tract roughly equaling water loss through the kidneys, lungs, GI tract, and skin.
The first step in hemostasis is ________.
vascular spasm
The major component of plasma is
water
________________ release histamine and heparin.
Basophils
Which of the following statements about blood is true?
Blood is about 92 percent water.
Clotting factor activation can start with
Either the contact of clotting factors with connective tissue or clot retraction can initiate clotting.
Which of the following statements about erythropoietin is true?
It is a hemopoietic growth factor that prompts lymphoid stem cells to leave the bone marrow.
Which of these statements concerning white blood cells is correct?
Leukopenia can result from a tumor of the red marrow, or bacterial infection and leukemia is a type of cancer that results in abnormal production of one or more leukocyte types are correct.
___________ are the most common leukocytes and their dead cells are part of pus.
Neutrophils
