Chapter 19 HW

You have type B positive blood. What are all the types of packed RBCs you can receive? B positive, B negative, O positive, O negative O positive and O negative A positive and A negative A positive and B positive B positive and B negative

B positive, B negative, O positive, O negative

Anti-D antibodies are present in the blood of all individuals with type AB blood. all Rh negative individuals. all Rh positive individuals. Rh positive individuals who have been exposed to the D surface antigen. Rh negative individuals who have been exposed to the D surface antigen.

Rh negative individuals who have been exposed to the D surface antigen

In an emergency situation when you have no time to wait for cross-matched blood you could give a patient type ________ until the cross-match is available. AB positive AB negative A positive O negative B negative

O negative

White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are basophils. neutrophils. lymphocytes. monocytes. eosinophils.

basophils

A fibrin network that contains trapped blood cells and platelets is called a(n) rouleaux. lysin. platelet plug. agglutinin. blood clot.

blood clot

When carbon dioxide is bound to hemoglobin it is termed oxyhemoglobin. deoxyhemoglobin. sickle hemoglobin. hemolyzed. carbaminohemoglobin.

carbaminohemoglobin

The function of hemoglobin is to produce antibodies. carry dissolved blood gases. carry bicarbonate ion. stimulate erythropoiesis. aid in the process of blood clotting.

carry dissolved blood gases

The process of fibrinolysis forms thrombi. dissolves clots. activates fibrinogen. forms emboli. draws torn edges of damaged tissue closer together.

dissolves clots

Which white blood cell is most effective against parasitic infections? basophils eosinophils lymphocytes neutrophils monoctyes

eosinophils

Which mature cell has no nucleus, no mitochondria and no ribosomes? platelet leukocyte thrombocyte erythrocyte neutrophil

erythrocyte

The process of red blood cell production is called hematopenia. hemocytosis. erythrocytosis. erythropenia. erythropoiesis.

erythropoiesis

Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone erythropoietin. renin. thymosin. thymopoietin. angiotensin.

erythropoietin

A plasma protein essential for blood clotting is metalloprotein D. lipoprotein C. immunoglobulin A. fibrinogen. albumin alpha.

fibrinogen

Each hemoglobin molecule contains one heme group. four alpha chains. four iron atoms. one alpha and one beta chain. a molecule of oxygen and a molecule of carbon dioxide.

four iron atoms

The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the specific gravity. differential cell count. viscosity. packed volume. hematocrit.

hematocrit

Which of these is used clinically to impede or prevent blood clotting? fibrin prothrombin thrombin heparin tissue factor

heparin

Natural killer cells are one of the functional classes of eosinophils. monocytes. neutrophils. thrombocytes. lymphocytes.

lymphocytes

________ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells. Eosinophils Monocytes Neutrophils Lymphocytes Basophils

monocytes

Which of the following combinations may result in the hemolytic disease of the newborn? mother Rh positive, baby Rh positive mother Rh negative, baby Rh positive mother type A+, baby type O+ mother Rh positive, baby Rh negative mother Rh negative, baby Rh negative

mother Rh negative, baby Rh positive

A patient has an infected puncture wound to her foot. Which type of white blood cell would you expect to be elevated in a differential white cell count? monocytes neutrophils lymphocytes basophils eosinophils

neutrophils

The most numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are the basophils. neutrophils. monocytes. eosinophils. lymphocytes.

neutrophils

Non-specific immunity, such as phagocytosis, is a function of which blood cells? neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes basophils and eosinophils platelets lymphocytes lymphocytes and monocytes

neutrophils, eosinophils, & monocytes

In what way does blood assist in immune function? Red blood cells transport gases. Plasma antibodies and white blood cells defend against pathogens. Platelets allow clotting. Albumins transport hormones. White blood cells defend against pathogens.

plasma antibodies & white blood cells defend against pathogens

The enzyme that can digest fibrin and dissolve a clot is phosphokinase. heparin. fibrinase. thrombin. plasmin.

plasmin

A person's blood type is determined by the presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane. volume of the RBCs. chemical composition of the hemoglobin. shape of the RBCs. size of the RBCs.

presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane

The function of platelets is to assist in the immune response during an infection. process called hemostasis. removal of worn out red blood cells. destruction of bacteria. transport of blood gases such as oxygen.

process called hemostasis

All the circulating red blood cells in an adult originate in the spleen. heart. thymus. lymph tissue. red bone marrow.

red bone marrow

In adults, erythropoiesis exclusively takes place in red bone marrow. the spleen. lymphoid tissue. yellow bone marrow. the liver.

red bone marrow

The process of lymphopoiesis occurs mainly in the spleen. red bone marrow. thymus. lymph nodes. kidneys

red bone marrow

Which of the following statements about blood is false? Blood is about 55 percent plasma. Blood contains buffers that control pH. Cells in blood comprise the formed elements. Blood is more viscous than water. The normal pH of blood is 6.8 to 7.0.

the normal pH of blood is 6.8 to 7.0

In case of hemorrhage, platelets are stored as a reserve in the heart. the kidneys. the thymus gland. bone marrow. the spleen.

the spleen

People with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because they usually have very strong immune systems. their blood is plentiful in A and B agglutinins. they are usually Rh negative. their blood cells lack A and B antigens. their blood lacks A or B agglutinins.

their blood lacks A or B agglutinins

Which of the following is not a way that red blood cell shape is significant? It allows red blood cells to bend and flex. It enables red blood cells to phagocytose bacteria. It allows fast exchange of gases between the inside of the cell and the plasma. It gives the red blood cell a large surface area to volume ratio. It enables red blood cells to form stacks.

it enables red blood cells to phagocytose bacteria

Which of the following is not true of monocytes? enter tissues and wander about same size as basophils can phagocytize bacteria are long-lived become macrophages

about same size of basophils

The common pathway of coagulation begins with the activation of Factor X and production of prothrombin activator. conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. activation of a proenzyme exposed to collagen. release of tissue factor by damaged endothelium. sticking of platelets to damaged tissue.

activation of factor X & production of prothrombin activator

Antigens of the surface of red blood cells are also called ________ and antibodies in the blood plasma are also called ________. agglutinogens; agglutinins serum; plasma agglutinins; agglutinogens erythrogens; antibiotics T-cells; B-cells

agglutinogens; agglutinins

The protein(s) that are the major contributors to plasma osmolarity is/are albumins. fibrinogen. lipoprotein. globulins. transferrin.

albumins

________ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced. Anemia Leukopenia Thrombocytopenia Polycythemia Leukemia

anemia

Type A blood has ________ antibodies in the blood plasma. anti-Rh anti-D anti-B anti-A anti-O

anti-B

Which of the following is not one of the formed elements of blood? antibodies RBCs basophils lymphocytes platelets

antibodies

The ________ is a procedure that is used to determine the number of each of the various types of white blood cells. hematocrit WBC count differential count sedimentation rate complete cell count (CBC)

differential count

The function of red blood cells is to carry oxygen from the cells to the lungs. carry oxygen to the cells and then carry away carbon dioxide. defend the body against infectious organisms. carry carbon dioxide from the lungs to the body's cells. carry nutrients from the digestive system to the body's cells.

carry oxygen to the cells & then carry away carbon dioxide

A substance that activates plasminogen might be useful to cause clot dissolution to proceed faster. cause clots to form faster. initiate clot formation. recruit platelets to the area. recruit neutrophils to an infection.

cause clot dissolution to proceed faster

________ involves a cascade of reactions leading to the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. Retraction Fibrinolysis The platelet phase Coagulation Vascular spasm

coagulation

How would removal of calcium ions from a blood sample affect coagulation? The coagulation pathway would be more sensitive to activation. Coagulation would occur only in Rh positive individuals. There would be no important effect because magnesium can substitute for calcium. Coagulation would be prevented. More blood cells would be produced.

coagulation would be prevented

Hormones called ________ are involved in regulation of white blood cell populations. erythropoietin bilirubin plasmin thrombopoietin colony-stimulating factors

colony-stimulating factors

When hemoglobin does not have oxygen bound to hemoglobin it is termed hemolyzed. carbaminohemoglobin. deoxyhemoglobin. sickle hemoglobin. oxyhemoglobin.

deoxyhemoglobin

Which of these descriptions best matches the term B lymphocytes? kill bacteria using hydrogen peroxide adhere to collagen beneath endothelium develop into plasma cells and produce antibodies in response to antigens often elevated in allergic individuals helper cells are one type

develop into plasma cells & produce antibodies in response to antigens

You have spent 24 hours traveling from the U.S to New Zealand, on quite a few airplanes with many stops. Because of the stress, changes in time zones, and short blocks of time between planes, you find yourself tired with a headache when you arrive. You are severely dehydrated. A hematocrit value of your blood would be ________ than normal because ________. lower; more red blood cells are being made by the bone marrow lower; you have less blood plasma volume lower; the bone marrow is making fewer red blood cells due to the latitude of the airplanes higher; more plasma proteins are made by the liver higher; you have less blood plasma volume

higher; you have less blood plasma volume

Thyroid-binding globulin is an example of which kind of plasma protein? metalloprotein transport albumin steroid-binding apolipoprotein hormone-binding

hormone-binding

Antibodies are what type of plasma protein? metalloprotein apolipoprotein steroid-binding protein fibrinogen immunoglobulin

immunoglobulin

Plasma is closest in composition to sterile water. isotonic saline solution. interstitial fluid. urine. CSF.

interstitial fluid

A cross-match test is performed between donor blood and recipient blood, even though the ABO and Rh blood types match between the two because there are many more surface antigens on red blood cells other than A, B and Rh. one has to make sure that the same agglutinogens have to be on both donor and recipients red blood cells. all antibodies of the donor blood and the recipient blood must be identified. errors are commonly made by the clinical staff regarding donor-recipient matches. coagulation can occur even in a small percentage of cases.

there are many more surface antigens on red blood cells other than A, B and Rh

Which of the following vitamins is needed for the formation of clotting factors? vitamin D vitamin B vitamin K vitamin A vitamin E

vitamin K

The most abundant component of plasma is gases. water. nutrients. proteins. ions.

water