Chapter 19 SB
The left coronary artery typically branches into the ______ interventricular artery and the ______ artery.
anterior; circumflex
The anterior interventricular artery (LAD) supplies the ______ wall of the left ventricle and ______ the interventricular septum.
anterior; most of
The entrance into the ______ is located at the superior aspect of the left ventricle.
aorta
During ventricular relaxation, blood is allowed to flow through the right ______ valve into the right ventricle.
atrioventricular
The first heart sound heard with a stethoscope is the result of the ______ valves closing, producing a "lubb" sound.
atrioventricular
The left atrioventricular valve is also sometimes called the _______ valve because the two triangular cusps resemble the headpiece worn by a bishop.
bicuspid
In the right ventricle, papillary muscles anchor thin strands of collagen fibers called ______.
chordae tendineae
The left AV valve is forced ______ when the left ventricle begins to contract, ______ blood backflow into the left atrium.
closed; preventing
The ______ delivers oxygen-rich blood to the thick heart wall while the ______ carries the deoxygenated blood away from the heart wall.
coronary arteries; coronary veins
The cardiac veins all drain into the ______ a large vein that lies in the posterior aspect of the coronary sulcus.
coronary sinus
A feature that prevents cardiac muscle cells from pulling apart is the presence of ______.
desmosomes
A function of the fibrous skeleton is to provide ______ insulation between atria and ventricles.
electrical
The fossa ovalis occupies the former location of the fetal ______, which shunted blood from the right atrium to the left atrium during fetal life.
foramen ovale
The ______ lies within the anterior interventricular sulcus.
great cardiac vein
A function of the fibrous skeleton is to anchor ______ by forming supportive rings at their attachment points.
heart valves
Gap junctions increase the flow of ______ between the cells as the muscle impulse moves along the sarcolemma.
ions
The circumflex artery supplies blood to the ______ ventricle.
left
The right coronary artery typically branches into the right ______ artery, which supplies the lateral wall of the right ventricle, and the posterior ______ artery, which supplies the posterior surface of both the left and right ventricles.
marginal; interventricular
The ______ is positioned between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk.
pulmonary semilunar valve
The structure that marks the end of the right ventricle and the entrance into the pulmonary trunk is the ______.
pulmonary semilunar valve
The superior region of the right ventricle narrows before it leads into the ______.
pulmonary trunk
The coronary sinus drains directly into the ______ atrium of the heart.
right
The chordae tendineae attach to the lower surface of cusps of the ______ valve and prevent the valve from flipping into the atrium when the right ventricle is contracting.
right atrioventricular
The opening for the coronary sinus is located in the wall of the ______.
right atrium
The second heart sound is produced when the ______ valves close, producing a "dupp" sound.
semilunar
The right atrium receives venous blood from the ______.
superior and inferior vena cavae
semilunar
three half-moon shaped cusps of dense connective tissue
right atrioventricular
three triangular-shaped cusps of dense connective tissue
Each semilunar valve is composed of ______ thin, ______ shaped, pocketlike semilunar cusps.
three; half-moon
The internal wall surface of each ventricle displays characteristic large, smooth, irregular muscular ridges, called the ______.
trabeculae carneae
The right ______ valve is forced closed when the right ventricle begins to contract, preventing blood from flowing back into the right atrium.
tricuspid
The left ventricle normally has ______ papillary muscles.
two
left atrioventricular
two triangular-shaped cusps of dense connective tissue
True or false: Papillary muscles are associated with semilunar valves.
False
True or false: The heart myocardium is nourished primarily through the diffusion of nutrients from the blood in the heart chambers.
False
The left atrioventricular valve has ______ cusps.
2