Chapter 2 - Homework

changes in the behavior of someone that occur solely as a function the individual's awareness of being observed by other characterize the __________ effect

Hawthorne

the idea that we can improve organizations from the top down by improving the quality of management function is a key principle of the ______________ perspective

administrative and bureaucratic

one advantage of the factory model compared to the domestic system of production was a decrease in ________________

production time and the cost per unit

the systematic process of managing a work-related project from its inception to conclusions is known as _________________

project management

TQM emphasizes ______________

quality throughout the production process

the finding that employees value cooperation and participation in the workplace is one of the conclusions of the _____________

relay assembly room study

munsterberg's work used __________ to study _______________

scholarly approaches; the effect of individual differences at work

the finding that workers' behavior will change if they are being observed is one of the conclusions of the ____________

illumination experiments

the human relations perspective is different from the administrative perspective in that it focuses more on _______________ and less on ______________

social complexities; management structure

the domestic system of production is defined as a ________________________

system of small-scale production where work is done by hand, often by family members in their own homes, or in local workrooms

what are Weber's primary types of authority in organizations?

traditional, charismatic, and rational-legal

one disadvantage of the factory model over the domestic production was ____________

a lack of oversight and regulation related to employee safety and working conditions

difficulties managing large groups of workers and a lack of oversight were disadvantages of the _____________

factory model

Follett's contributions to behavioral perspectives included the _____________

focus on the interaction of management and workers in organizational settings

project management is defined as ________________

the systematic process of managing a work-related project from its inception to conclusion

the basic premise of Theory X/Theory Y is that ________________

there are two broad assumptions regarding what motivates people at work

consistent with human relations perspective. McGregor believed that _________________

Theory Y was superior to Theory X

select which statements regarding TQM are accurate a. TQM blends parts of administrative theory, scientific management, and behavioral perspectives b. TQM emphasizes quality throughout the entire process of production c. TQM is most concerned with the efficiency of production

a. TQM blends parts of administrative theory, scientific management, and behavioral perspectives b. TQM emphasizes quality throughout the entire process of production

select key management roles according to the systems perspective include ______________ a. being attuned to the organizations external environment b. scanning for possible threats or opportunities c. making processes as efficient as possible

a. being attuned to the organizations external environment b. scanning for possible threats or opportunities

select which of these represents some of Fayol's principles of management a. discipline b. stability of tenure of personnel c. remuneration of owners d. autonomy e. unity of command f. equity

a. discipline b. stability of tenure of personnel e. unity of command f. equity

select the principles of the administrative and bureaucratic perspective a. it focuses on managers b. it essence is to identify the best way to do work c. key theorists include Weber and Fayol

a. it focuses on managers c. key theorists include Weber and Fayol

select which of these reasons management history remains relevant today? a. knowing how past leaders and managers dealt with similar situations gives us more ideas for dealing with current and future events b. understanding management thought and development allows us to better anticipate future events c. remembering management history remind us of how simple it is to be an effective manager in today's workplace

a. knowing how past leaders and managers dealt with similar situations gives us more ideas for dealing with current and future events b. understanding management thought and development allows us to better anticipate future events

select which of the following are some of Taylor's principles of scientific management a. scientific selection and then the progressive development of workers b. development of a concept of "one best way" knowledge for workers c. dividing work into two great divisions

a. scientific selection and then the progressive development of workers c. dividing work into two great divisions

select all of the reasons it is important to continue to study management history a. studying history helps us learn from failures and recreate successes b. new management theories haven't emerged for centuries, so we must study historical theories because they are still used today c. knowledge of an organization's history gives us the context necessary to understand why certain rules exist

a. studying history helps us learn from failures and recreate successes b. knowledge of an organization's history gives us the context necessary to understand why certain rules exist

select which of the following represent contemporary approaches to management a. the contingency perspective b. total quality management c. performance management

a. the contingency perspective b. total quality management

which of the following statements accurately describes the systems approach to management? a. a movement that focuses on how people actually work and behave within organizations b. a management perspective that considers the organization's environment as an important influence on the firm's decisions c. the idea that workplace efficiency is a major step in the development of modern management, and attention should focus on the managers themselves

b. a management perspective that considers the organization's environment as an important influence on the firm's decisions

select which of the following are some of Taylor's principles of scientific managements? a. scientific development and then the progressive selection of workers b. bringing together the science and the scientifically selected and trained workers c. development of a science to replace the old "one best way" knowledge of workers

b. bringing together the science and the scientifically selected and trained workers c. development of a science to replace the old "one best way" knowledge of workers

select which of these represent some of Fayol's principles of management a. vulnerability of tenure of personnel b. esprit de corps c. scalar chain d. order e. subordination of the general interest to individual interest f. unity of direction g. division of labor

b. esprit de corps c. scalar chain d. order f. unity of direction g. division of labor

which of the following statements best describes the premise of McGregor's Theory X and Y? a. managers should focus on factors that intrinsically motivate their employees if they want to motivate effectively b. managers have a preset view of their employees' work habits, and this view affects how they treat and motivate their workers c. employees dislike work, avoid it at all costs, and must be coerced into working by managers

b. managers have a preset view of their employees' work habits, and this view affects how they treat and motivate their workers

select all of the accurate statements regarding Theory X/Theory Y a. Theory Y managers believe employees avoid taking responsibility b. managers tend to have one of two basic views regarding what motivates their workers c. McGregor saw Theory Y as superior to Theory X d. Theory X managers believe that workers require intense direction and control

b. managers tend to have one of two basic views regarding what motivates their workers c. McGregor saw Theory Y as superior to Theory X d. Theory X managers believe that workers require intense direction and control

select which of the following represent contemporary approaches to management a. lean manufacturing b. the systems perspective c. knowledge management

b. the systems perspective c. knowledge management

select which of these represent Weber's primary types of authority in organizations a. coercive b. traditional c. rational-legal d. legitimate e. charismatic

b. traditional c. rational-legal e. charismatic

the Hawthorne effect is defined as _______________

changes in behavior of someone that occur solely as a function of the individual's awareness of being observed by others

Follet advocated for the need to understand the role of ___________ in navigating dynamic organizational challenges

coordination, participation, and leadership

the illumination experiments concluded that ___________________

employees behave differently, simply as a function of being observed by and receiving attention from others

munsterberg affected behavioral perspectives through the use of ______________

experimental psychology to study workplace variables

a system of small-scale production where work is done by hand, often by family members in their own homes, or in local workrooms, is known as _________________

the domestic system of production

the relay assembly room study concluded that ________________

use of cooperative groups can lead to higher productivity among workers