Chapter 2 HW Questions

Molecules made primarily of carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons. How many hydrogen atoms are present in the following molecule? A hydrocarbon chain of five carbon atoms with one double bond and the rest single bonds.

10

Molecules made primarily of carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons. How many hydrogen atoms are present in the following molecule? A five-carbon hydrocarbon molecule with four of the carbons linked by a single covalent bond, and with the fifth carbon attached by a single bond as a branch to the second carbon in the chain.

12

Molecules made primarily of carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons. How many hydrogen atoms are present in the following molecule? A hydrocarbon chain of five carbons joined to each other by single covalent bonds.

12

How many electron orbitals does a carbon atom possess?

5

Molecules made primarily of carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons. How many hydrogen atoms are present in the following molecule? A ring of six carbon atoms held together by alternating single and double bonds.

6

14^C is an isotope of carbon that possesses:

6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons

Molecules made primarily of carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons. How many hydrogen atoms are present in the following molecule? A hydrocarbon chain of five carbon atoms with two double bond and two single bonds.

8

Which one of the following represents the pH of a solution with the highest concentration of hydrogen ions? A) 1.0 B) 4.5 C) 7.0 D) 9.1 E) 11.5

A) 1.0

Triacylglycerols are used primarily for: A) energy storage. B) information storage. C) cell membrane biosynthesis. D) biological catalysis. E) movement.

A) energy storage.

Rank the elements carbon, sodium, calcium, and iodine in order of decreasing number of protons:

I → Ca → Na → C

description of bond type in aqueous solution: Ionic Bond

An interaction between oppositely charged ions.

description of bond type in aqueous solution: Hydrogen Bond

An interaction of a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom.

Which one of the following biological polymers is defined by a physical property rather than a chemical structure? A) proteins B) lipids C) monosaccharides D) nucleic acids E) polysaccharides

B) lipids

Rank the elements carbon, sodium, calcium, and iodine in order of greatest abundance in living organisms:

C → Ca → Na → I

Which of the following statements about a carbon-carbon double bond is correct? A) Each of the two carbons is capable of bonding to three other atoms. B) The double bond allows free rotation of the molecule at the bond position. C) The double bond is longer than a corresponding carbon-carbon single bond. D) Double bonds can be found in cyclical structures. E) None of these statements about carbon-carbon double bonds is correct.

C) The double bond is longer than a corresponding carbon-carbon single bond.

If you isolate a single nucleotide from a nucleic acid chain and determine that the nitrogenous ring structure is cytosine, you could say with certainty that the nucleotide could have come from: A) DNA but not RNA. B) RNA but not DNA. C) either DNA or RNA. D) neither DNA nor RNA. E) double-stranded DNA but not single-stranded DNA.

C) either DNA or RNA.

Which one of the following elements would most likely have bonding properties similar to nitrogen (N)? Consult the periodic table in Figure 2.3 if necessary. A) carbon (C) B) silicon (Si) C) phosphorous (P) D) sulfur (S) E) oxygen (O)

C) phosphorous (P)

The structural diversity of carbon-based molecules is based upon which of the following properties? A) the ability of carbon to form four covalent bonds B) the ability of those bonds to rotate freely C) the orientation of those bonds in the form of a tetrahedron D) None of these choices is correct. E) All of these choices are correct.

E) All of these choices are correct.

A phosphodiester bond is formed between: A) a fatty acid and a glycerol molecule. B) two amino acids. C) a base and a sugar. D) a 3' phosphate and a 5' hydroxyl group. E) a 5' phosphate and a 3' hydroxyl group.

E) a 5' phosphate and a 3' hydroxyl group.

Using the periodic table, determine which one of the following elements would be found in least abundance in a living cell. A) hydrogen (H) B) sodium (Na) C) phosphorous (P) D) zinc (Zn) E) silicon (Si)

E) silicon (Si)

description of bond type in aqueous solution: Covalent Bond

Electrons shared by atoms.

Rank the elements carbon, sodium, calcium, and iodine in order of decreasing number of valence electrons:

I → C → Ca → Na

Rank the elements carbon, sodium, calcium, and iodine in order of decreasing number of electrons:

I → Ca → Na → C

Rank the elements carbon, sodium, calcium, and iodine in order of decreasing number of energy shells/levels:

I → Ca → Na → C

True or false: although monosaccharides can exist in linear form, virtually all cellular monosaccharides are found in circular form.

True

Exposure of purified phospholipids to water results in the spontaneous formation of:

lipid bilayers.