Chapter 2 Psychology

Which of the following is the mean of the set of data below? 3, 6, 2, 8, 6, 6, 2, 8, 4

5 - Statistical Analysis for Psychology: Descriptive & Inferential Statistics

Which of the following is the median of the set of data below? 2, 5, 1, 7, 6, 5, 2, 8, 4

5 - Statistical Analysis for Psychology: Descriptive & Inferential Statistics

Applied research:

Answers a real-world problem. - Basic Research and Applied Research: Definitions and Differences

What is psychological measurement?

Assessing of psychological traits - Types of Tests: Norm-Referenced vs. Criterion-Referenced

A researcher is looking for standardized, objective information found in a personality assessment. Which psychological assessment is the best fit?

NOT Aptitude test - Types of Assessments Used in Psychology

Researchers conduct a study to determine whether natural lighting causes increased test performance as opposed to fluorescent lighting. What type of research will they conduct?

NOT Correlational research - Types of Research Designs in Psychology

Helen's client tells her about how she saved a girl from drowning. Helen decides to use this as an example of her client's heroic behavior. Which of the following types of measurement is Helen using?

NOT Direct observation / Storytelling - Types of Measurement: Direct, Indirect & Constructs

Which of these represents an advantage of norm-referenced tests?

NOT It is more objective than criterion-referenced tests. - Types of Tests: Norm-Referenced vs. Criterion-Referenced

Which is an example of basic research?

NOT Research focusing on psychological processes at high altitudes - Basic Research and Applied Research: Definitions and Differences

Two common ways to score assessments are:

Norm-referenced and criterion-referenced - Types of Tests: Norm-Referenced vs. Criterion-Referenced

Sandy wants to compare her height and weight to the national average for women in her age bracket. What type of measurement should she be using?

Norm-referenced test - Types of Tests: Norm-Referenced vs. Criterion-Referenced

How do basic and applied research work together?

One leads into the other. - Basic Research and Applied Research: Definitions and Differences

What is a potential drawback of inventory-type tests?

People may intentionally or unintentionally lie, which can skew the test results. - Types of Assessments Used in Psychology

Which psychological assessment should be used when looking for patterns, subconscious themes, or feelings?

Projective test - Types of Assessments Used in Psychology

Which of the following is an example of applied psychological research?

Research measuring the level of impairment of driving skills with alcohol intoxication - Basic Research and Applied Research: Definitions and Differences

What element in a study is crucial to getting results for different potential behaviors and causes?

Scientific control - Introduction to Research Design & Statistical Analysis for Psychology

Which of the following is one of the challenges statistical researchers face when implementing a study?

Separating the behavior they're interested in from all the other behaviors that happen along the way - Introduction to Research Design & Statistical Analysis for Psychology

A test that compares a person's answers to the answers of other test-takers in the same group is called _____.

a normative test - Standardization and Norms of Psychological Tests

In a psychological study, validity refers to

a test that measures what is intended - Reliability & Validity in Psychology: Definitions & Differences

Inferential statistics are important to a study because they allow researchers to _____.

draw conclusions from the descriptive statistics data - Statistical Analysis for Psychology: Descriptive & Inferential Statistics

A study that seeks to determine the long-term health impact of playing professional football that only includes current players fails

external validity - Reliability & Validity in Psychology: Definitions & Differences

The 'stereotype threat' refers to the hypothesis that women and racial minorities will:

feel anxiety because of the stereotype that they will perform badly on tests, causing them to perform poorly - Types of Research Designs in Psychology

In evaluating potential experiments, a research organization's Institutional Review Board tries to _____.

find a balance between the value to science and the potential harm done - Ethics in Psychological Experiments: Importance & Examples

A study that seeks to determine the effectiveness of a fast food commercial that tests some people before lunch and others after lunch fails

internal validity - Reliability & Validity in Psychology: Definitions & Differences

The two guiding principles for ethical standards in psychological research are _____.

minimize harm and obtain informed consent - Ethics in Psychological Experiments: Importance & Examples

Results obtained by giving an exam to a sample of people who represent all test-takers are called _____.

norms - Standardization and Norms of Psychological Tests

The American Psychological Association most commonly allows experiments to be conducted involving all of the following, EXCEPT _____.

primates - Ethics in Psychological Experiments: Importance & Examples

The story of Phineas Gage is a good example of a case study because:

researchers studied him and used the information to make better hypotheses in the future - Types of Research Designs in Psychology

The two types of aptitude tests are _____ and _____ tests.

speed; power - Types of Assessments Used in Psychology

In a psychological study, reliability refers to

the use of precise measurement to get the same result with repeated trials - Reliability & Validity in Psychology: Definitions & Differences

How are norms helpful?

they allow people to compare their scores to those of their peers and get the full picture of their strengths - Standardization and Norms of Psychological Tests

Why is it important to make sure that every single person takes intelligence and other psychological tests under standard conditions?

they insure that everyone gets a fair shot at the test. - Standardization and Norms of Psychological Tests

What is the purpose of an Intelligence Test?

to measure the innate abilities a person has - Standardization and Norms of Psychological Tests

The goal of a descriptive study is to:

- Types of Research Designs in Psychology gather data about a given subject

All students applying to a bachelor's degree program in nursing must pass a final examination at the end of their sophomore year. Anyone who scores at least 80% on the exam will be considered for acceptance into the final two years of the program. The test is difficult and is written to identify the most academically prepared students. This type of exam would be considered an example of:

A criterion-referenced test - Types of Tests: Norm-Referenced vs. Criterion-Referenced

A psychological assessment provides information about:

All answers are correct. - Types of Assessments Used in Psychology

Darren measures how tall his younger brother is. Which of the following types of measurement is Darren using?

Direct observation - Types of Measurement: Direct, Indirect & Constructs

Basic research:

Expands our knowledge and understanding. - Basic Research and Applied Research: Definitions and Differences

Which of these is not a construct?

Height - Types of Measurement: Direct, Indirect & Constructs

Michael uses the answers to a survey as a part of his study. Which of the following types of measurement is Michael using?

Indirect observation - Types of Measurement: Direct, Indirect & Constructs

Which of the following best defines psychological measurement?

The process of measuring psychological traits - Types of Measurement: Direct, Indirect & Constructs

What is the control group intended to do in a study?

To distinguish between different potential causes - Introduction to Research Design & Statistical Analysis for Psychology

What is the goal of a study?

To prove or disprove a hypothesis - Introduction to Research Design & Statistical Analysis for Psychology

How do psychologists use the scientific method? Choose the best answer.

To study human thought and behavior - Introduction to Research Design & Statistical Analysis for Psychology

Deception in psychological research is _____.

allowed but minimized as much as possible - Ethics in Psychological Experiments: Importance & Examples

If a study about the relationship between intelligence and income produced a Pearson correlation coefficient of .90, it would suggest that:

as intelligence increases, income increases - Types of Research Designs in Psychology

Philip Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment wouldn't be approved today because it _____.

caused physical and psychological harm - Ethics in Psychological Experiments: Importance & Examples

A study that seeks to determine if blondes have more fun by analyzing blonde-haired people who own dogs fails

construct validity - Reliability & Validity in Psychology: Definitions & Differences

For the results of a study to be thought to support a hypothesis, researchers must prove that the results have _____.

statistical significance - Statistical Analysis for Psychology: Descriptive & Inferential Statistics

Psychologists use statistical analysis to _____.

test whether the data from an experiment supports or rejects their hypothesis - Statistical Analysis for Psychology: Descriptive & Inferential Statistics