Chapter 2 pt 2

Health claims must use _____ or _____ to qualify claim -Are risk reduction claims

"may" or "might"

% based on 2000 cal/day for energy containing nutrients

%DV on nutrition facts panel

If food contains < _____ g it can say 0g on label -- but a food could still contain trans fat

0.5g

Health claims must provide > or = _____% DV for at least one of the "good source" nutrients

10%

In a single serving, health claims cannot contain more than _____ fat, ____ saturated fat, _____ cholesterol, ______ sodium

13, 4, 60, 480

Commonly emphasize fruits and vegetables, whole grains, protein rich foods, limited intake of solid fats and added sugars

2010 dietary guidelines

Published every 5 years (most recently 2010) -Includes recommendations for specific population groups

2010 dietary guidelines

"Reduced"

25% less of nutrient per serving compared to reference food

"Good source"

= 10-19% DV per reference amount

"High", "rich in", or "excellent"

> or = 20% DV per reference amount

Restaraunt with ______ outlets to list _____ on menus or menu boards

>20 calories

_______ provide a measure of how much energy is in one serving of this food

Calories

Nutriton facts panel includes _____% for nutrients

Daily Value %

Guide government nutrition programs, research, food labeling, and nutrition education and promotion

Dietary guidelines for americans

Provide recommendations for all people > 2 years old -Designed to meet nutrient needs while reducing risk of obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, alcoholism, foodborne illness

Dietary guidelines for americans

Amount of calories per gram weight of food

Energy Density

The ______ specifies serving sizes

FDA

_______ allows and regulates specific label claims

FDA

_____ and ______ working together to develop uniform eligibility criteria for front of package food labels

FDA and food industry

Tend to be lower in water content, high in fat

High-energy dense foods

These diets can assist with weight control

Low energy dense diets

Tend to be high in water content, low in fat

Low energy dense foods

Closely regulated claim by FDA

Nutrient content Health claims

Not required for fresh fruits, vegetables, fish

Nutrition facts panel

Can be used to help determine -whether a serving of food is high or low in a specific nutrient -how a particular food fits into an overall diet

Nutrition facts panel %DV

Not based on calorie intake for other nutrients

Nutrition facts panel %DV

Percent DV for each nutrient in a single serving

Nutrition facts panel %DV

DV only required when foods for infants or children < 4 years or if product carries claim

Protein

Based on incomplete scientific evidence

Qualified health claim

Not approved or regulated by FDA Manufacturer responsible for accuracy

Structure/function claims

No DV established for daily consumption -labels include those naturally occuring in foods (as in fruits and milk) as well as those added to foods or beverages

Sugars

Many people eat too many of these nutrients

Total fat, cholesterol, sodium

Nutrient values in databases are ______ values of ____ _____, but many factors may affect actual values

average analyzed samples

four general topics of dietary guidelines

balancing calories to manage weight foods and food components to reduce foods and food components to increase building healthy eating patterns

Eating too many ______ per day on a regular basis linked to ______ and obesity

calories overweight

"free"

calories (<5kcal/serving), fat and sugar (<0.5 g/serving) sodium (<5 mg/serving)

Nutrient content claim available for these nutrients:

calories, total fat, sat fat, cholesterol, sugar, sodium, fiber

Nutrient databases typically do not contain ______ foods (e.g. burritos, salads)

combination

Need to look up ingredients individually in these foods

combination foods

Food industry has tried to ______ nutrition labels into nutrition ______ placed on front of food packages or supermarket shelves

condense symbols

Based on meeting nutrient needs with food -fortified foods and dietary supplements may be helpful for some

dietary guidelines for americans

No "optimal diet" -- tailor your diet to account for individual ______ and _______.

differences preferences

Combination of foods and beverages that make up an individuals total dietary intake over time

eating patterns

Dietary guildelines encourage a variety of healthy ______ ______

eating patterns

Factors that affect actual values in food versus nutrient databases

farming conditions maturity and ripeness of plant foods, food processing, shipping conditions, food storage time, cooking processes, absorption

Eating too many of these may increase rish for certain diseases like heart disease, high blood pressure, some cancers

fat, saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol, sodium

-Most americans do not get enough of these in their diets -Eating enough of these can improve your health and reduce risk for some diseases and conditions (get 100%)

fiber, vitamin A, calcim, thiamin, niacin

Example of nutrient database

food-a-pedia

Health claims must be a "good source" of fiber, protein, vitamin A vitamin C, calcium, or iron BEFORE _______

fortification

Has potential to help consumers make informed choices

front-of-package labeling

Not regulates/lack of consistency and criteria used to calculate ratings are unknown

front-of-package nutrition label

Describe relationship between disease and nutrient, food, or food constituent

health claims

These diets can help people with poor appetites maintain or gain weight

high energy dense foods

Most studies look at peoples choices from menu, but not ____ _____ ____ _____

how much they eat

consumers less likely to check nutriton ______ when ______ on front of packages

labels, symbols

In a qualified health claim, "healthy food is generally ______, and ______, < _____ sodium or _____ cholesterol, and provides at least _______% DV for Vitamin A, vitamin C, protein, Calcium, iron, or fiber

low fat, low saturated fat, 480-600mg, 95mg 10%

some studies find people choose _____ calorie options, other studies find proving calories ____ _____ _____ options chosen (or people choose _____ calorie options)

lower does not change higher

Data are ______ concerning whether menu labeling helps

mixed

Claim described nutrients in food

nutrient content claims

Four types of claims

nutrient content claims health claims qualified health claims structure/function claims

Both fortified and enriched mean

nutrients have been added to food

enriched

nutrients that were lost during food processing are added back to food (grain products)

allow for estimation of amount of calories and nutrients in foods

nutrition databases

Important to look at both _______ and ingredient list, especially when looking for _______

nutrition facts panel

Presents information for single serving of food

nutrition facts panel

must include nutrient on ________ if makes claim about its health benefits or food fortified with nutrient

nutrition facts panel

Optional listing on nutrition facts panel

other nutrients (e.g. polyunsaturated fat, vitamins and minerals)

If ingredient list contains ________ ______ ingredients, then food contains some trans fat

partially hydrogenated

Published by DHHS in 2008 -Provide key physical activity guidelines for americans age 6 and older

physical activity guidelines for americans

______ intake not public health concern in adults and children > 4 years

protein

For ______, food must meet definition of "healthy"

qualified health claims

Regulated by FDA but only limited scientific evidence for claims

qualified health claims

For ___ _____ _____, label must carry disclaimer

qualified health claims "this evidence is not conclusive"

Overarching idea of physical activity guidelines

regular physical activity for people of all ages will produce long term health benefits

Number of ______ you comsume determines how many calories you actually eat

servings

nutrition facts panel based on a ______ serving of food

single

Describe how nutrient affects human body structure and function

structure/function claim

Manufacturers responsible for ensuring claims accuracy and not misleading

structure/function claim

This claim does not focus on disease risk reduction

structure/function claim

This claim not approved or authorized by FDA

structure/function claim

Nutrition facts panel must include

total calories -calories from fat -total fat -saturated fat -trans fat -cholesterol -sodium -total carb -fiber -sugar -protein -vitamin A -vitamin C -calcium -iron

For best health, aim to keep intake of these nutrients at or below 100% DV

total fat, cholesterol, sodium

Nutrient without DV -found naturally but often from processing (hydrogenation)

trans fat

Serving size based on ______ eaten by americans

typical serving sizes

Fortified

vitamins/minerals have been added to food that were not originally in food (vitamin D added to milk)