Chapter 2 Test
Society
A community of people who share a common culture
Ancestor
A relative who lived in the past
Hominid
An early ancestor of humans
Tool
Any handheld object that has been modified to help a person accomplish a task
Distribute means to divide among a group of people
Define distribute
The ice ages were long periods of freezing weather. These ice ages formed land bridges between continents that allowed people to migrate
Describe the ice ages
An example of a megalith is the Stonehenge in England
Give an example of a megalith
People domesticated animals by keeping them in one place so I didn't have to follow heard of animals. They also use them to pull heavy loads
How are animals domesticated during the new stone age?
They attached wooden handles and learned to use flint
How did tools improve during the Old Stone Age?
In farming, you have to stay in one place, so people started to settle
How do you think the development of farming led to civilization? Explain your answer?
I believe that the most important part of language was the communication within people
In your opinion, what was the most important change brought by the development of language?
Clothing and cloths are made of animal skins that people sewed together
People made cloth and clothing from what?
hunter-gatherers
People who hunt animals and gather wild plants, seeds, fruits, and nuts to survive
Paleolithic Era
The first part of the Stone Age (Old Stone Age)
Prehistory
Time before writing was invented
Distribute
To divide among a group of people
The effect of farming in the Stone age was that people had to remain in one area. This has the first permanent settlements.
What affect did farming have on people in the new Stone Age
Ancient bones tell us what humans looked like and their evolution over time
What can ancient bones tell us about human ancestors?
The potatoes
What crop originated in South America?
Wheat, Banana, Barley, Corn, Cotton, Grapes, Olive, Potatoes, Rice, Sorshum, and soybeans
What crops are shown on the map?
She found a footprint that was said to be 3.6 million years old
What did Mary Leakey find?
He discovered Stone Age tools that were said to be 1.9 million years old. He also discovered an almost-complete 1.6 million year old skeleton of a boy
What did Richard Leakey find?
White and his team found a 4.4 million year old skeleton they called Ardipithecus Ramidus
What did Tim White find in the 1990's?
Clothing and Shelter
What did humans develop in the Mesolithic Era that helped humans adapt to their environments?
Control fire
What did the Homo erectus learn to do?
Creating fire and language
What did the Homo sapiens do that was revolutionary?
Australopithecus means southern ape
What does Australopithecus mean?
Homo erectus means "upright man". They used tools like the hand ax
What does Homo Erectus mean? What tools did they use?
"Upright man"
What does Homo erectus mean?
"Wise Man"
What does Homo sapien mean?
The invention of tools helped humans accomplish certain tasks that they couldn't do with their bare hands
What effect did the invention of tools have on early humans?
Agriculture, domestication of plants and animals, and religion
What happened in the Neolithic Era that is known as the Neolithic Revolution?
Humans reached all continents except Antarctica
What happened in the Paleolithic Era?
A hominid is an early ancestor of humans
What is a hominid?
A megalith is a huge stone used as monuments
What is a megalith?
A megalith is a huge stone used as monuments or as the sites for religious gatherings
What is a megalith?
Agriculture is a different word for farming
What is agriculture
An ancestor is a relative who lives in the past
What is an ancestor?
Anthropologists are people who study human societies and cultures and their development
What is an anthropologist?
Domestication is the process of changing plants or animals to make them more useful to humans
What is domestication?
"Handy man"
What is the Homo habilis also known as?
The earliest skill that humans developed was controlling fire
What is the earliest skill that people developed?
Homo Sapiens
What is the scientific name for modern humans?
The scientific name for modern humans are "homo sapiens"
What is the scientific name for modern humans?
People used mammoth bones to build shelter in central Asia, where wood was scarce
What kinds of bones did early people use to build houses?
Some tools that were used in the Paleolithic Era are the hand ax, the spear, and the stone chopper
What kinds of tools did people use during the Paleolithic Era?
An advantage of walking upright is that you could do something with your hands while standing. You could also look father and travel faster
What might have been one advantage of walking completely upright?
The hand ax
What tool(s) did the Homo erectus use?
Stone tools like the stone chopper
What tools did the Homo habilis use?
A female skeleton that was nearly 40% complete
What was Donald Johanson's most important discovery?
Anthropology
What was Louis Leakey interested in?
Donald Johansen's discovery of "Lucy" was very important because it shows us that it had two legs, a huge step in human evolution
What was important about Donald Johanson's discovery of Lucy in 1974?
-Easier hunting communication -Relationships -Distribution
What was one possible reason for the development of language?
Johanson and his team found what they called the First Family. The First Family consisted of the fossilized bones of 13 individuals, more than likely 9 adults and 4 children
What was the First Family.
The neolithic revolution included people settling permanent homes. It also included people having religious ceremonies
What was the neolithic revolution?
Some advancements in the new Stone Age included the domestication of animals and agriculture
What were the advancement of the new Stone Ages?
4-5 million years ago
When did the Australopithecus live?
2.4 million years ago
When did the Homo habilis live?
200,000 years ago
When did the Homo sapien live?
10,000-5,000 years ago
When was the Mesolithic Era
5,000-? Years ago
When was the Neolithic Era?
10,000 years ago
When was the Paleolithic Era?
Asia
Where did scientists used to think hominids were located?
Woman did most of the gathering in hunter gatherer society's
Who did most of the gathering in a hunter gatherer society? Man or woman?
Donald Johanson found the bones of "Lucy". He also found that Lucy was 3 million years old
Who found the bones of Lucy?
People formed hunter gatherer society's to find food more efficiently
Why did early humans form hunter gatherer societies?
Historians need archaeologists and anthropologists to study prehistory because historians study the writing and prehistory is when there was no writing yet
Why do historians need archaeologists and anthropologists to study prehistory?
Cattle was useful because you could get milk from them and have them pulling heavy supplies
Why do you think cattle were useful animals for farmers to domesticate
So that they know how the evolution of humans worked over time
Why do you think it is important for scientists to date the fossils that they find?
Since he probably spent most of his childhood in Africa, he would want to explore there. Plus, most scientists didn't search in Africa
Why do you think that Louis Leakey became interested in studying human ancestors in Africa?
The study of ancient bones is important to us today because it shows us how humans evolved throughout time
Why is the study of ancient bones important to us today?
Language was developed in the stone age for religious purposes, making hunting easier, and distributing food
Why was language developed in the Stone Age
Mary Leakey Is somebody who found some of the earliest fossils of humans
who is Mary Leakey?