Chapter 20 Microbiology Homework
Escherichia coli O157:H7
Bloody diarrhea with development of hemolytic uremic syndrome in 10% of patients
The most common bacterial cause of diarrhea in the United States is _____.
Campylobacter
Which of these microorganism is associated with Guillain Barre syndrome?
Campylobacter
Which of the following is not a normal causative agents of food poisoning?
Clostridium difficile
The cells of Vibrio cholerae ______-shaped.
Comma
Shigella dysenteriae
Diarrhea containing blood and mucus from the GI tract.
Vibrio cholerae
Diarrhea described as rice water stools
______ is the proper term for a diarrheal illness in which stools contain blood and/or mucus.
Dysentery
______ E. coli tend to stick to each other in large clumps.
Enteroaggregative
What type of town specifically targets intestinal mucous membrane cells?
Entertoxin
The best prevention of shigellosis is the use of a vaccine.
False
What treatment would the RN anticipate to be ordered for an infection 18 month old patient?
Fluid and electrolyte replacement
Which of the following properties are characteristics of Clostridium difficile?
Gram-positive; forms endospores
The leading cause of paralysis in the U.S. since the eradication of polio is _____ _____ _____.
Guillain Barre syndrome
The leading cause of paralysis in the U.S. since the eradication of polio is ____ _____ ______.
Guillain-Barre syndrome
What organ is primarily affected by hepatitis B infection?
Liver
The RN provides education for patients regarding the potential complications caused by the hepatitis B virus. Which of the following are life threatening complications of hepatitis B infection?
Liver cancer, chronic liver disease, and glomerulonephritis
Which of the following are advantages to treating cholera with oral rehydration therapy?
Medical facilities are not required, clean needles are not needed, and high tech equipment is not needed.
Campylobacter jejuni
Most frequent cause of diarrhea resulting in watery stools, fever, vomiting, headaches and severe abdominal pain.
Food poisoning
Staphylococcus aureus, rapid onset of symptoms, and halophilic organism
The predominant causative organism of dental caries seem to be _____.
Streptococcus mutans
Stages in soft tissue infection, gingivitis and periodontitis
Tooth, gingiva and bone show no inflammation; Inflammation, calculus are well developed; and tissue destruction and bone loss occur
Which of the following are major routes of transmission of shigellosis?
Transmitted orally or transmitted person to person
Oral rehydration therapy has many advantages in treating cholera, specifically, there is no need for advanced technology of facilities.
True
Salmonella typhi
Typhoid fever characterized by progressive, invasive infection that leads to septicemia
Initial serological testing for a patient with recent exposure to hepatitis B may detect which of the following?
Virus antigen
Infection by vibrio cholerae is typically treated by _____.
Water/electrolyte replacement
The occurrence of which of the following symptoms in an 18 month patient would cause concern for infection with rotavirus?
Watery diarrhea, vomiting and fever
Guillain Barre syndrome is the leading cause of ______ in the United States.
acute paralysis
The presence of the Shiga toxin gene in STEC is most likely the result of transfer from Shigella by a _____.
bacteriophage
The endospore forming bacterium, ______, contaminates meat and vegetables and in other situations causes gas gangrene.
clostridium perfringens
What shape are vibrio cells?
curved rods
When assisting with care activities for a patient with rotavirus, the RN should observe all of the following standard precautions, except _____.
donning a mask
______ is the proper term for diarrheal illness in which stools captain blood and/or mucus.
dysentery
A _______ is a bacterial toxin that specifically targets intestinal mucous membrane cells.
enterotoxin
The virulence of Vibrio cholerae is due to the production of a ______, called cholera toxin, which disrupts the normal physiology of intestinal cells.
enterotoxin
Mumps
enveloped paramyxovirus, characteristic sign is parotitis, virus can infect testes
Escherichia coli infections may lead to _____ _____ syndrome, a severe anemia leading to kidney damage or failure.
hemolytic uremic
Good personal _____ and avoiding ______ with infected people are the best ways to prevent Shigella infections.
hygiene; contact
All of the following pertain to Clostridium difficile infection except it _____.
is due to ingestion of contaminated, improperly stored, cooked meats and gravies
An infection caused by E. coli 0157:H7 can lead to hemolytic uremic syndrome, a severe anemia leading to _____ damage or failure.
kidney
Two common food sources of Salmonella are ______ and ______.
milk; eggs
Vibrio cholerae cells are _____.
motile by a single polar flagellum
Orchitis and epididymitis are seen in young adult males as a complication of _____.
mumps
In shiga toxin producing E. coli, the shiga toxin gene is found ____.
on a bacteriophage
gastric ulcer
organism makes urease, caused by H. pylori, and may progress to cancer
Worldwide, the leading viral cause of morbidity and mortality resulting from diarrhea is ______.
rotavirus
Some cases of Salmonella are due to poor _____.
sanitation
Food poisoning refers to symptoms in the gut that are caused by a preformed ________ of some sort.
toxin
Which of the following is true for rotavirus infection?
transmitted by fecal oral route
Evidence suggests that people with high numbers of the bacteria associated with periodontitis may also have increased rates of cardiovascular disease.
true
The RN educates her patient population that the primary method of prevention for hepatitis B infection is _____.
vaccination
Emetics induce ______.
vomiting
The typical treatment of Vibrio cholerae infection is _____ and ______ replacement.
water; electrolyte
The typical treatment of vibrio cholerae infection is _____ and ____ replacement.
water; electrolyte
Which of the following patients would be most at risk for acquiring hepatitis B virus?
36 year old female using multiple IV drugs
If cholera is left untreated, death can occur is less than ______.
48 hours
The cholera mortality rate is
55%-70%
The mother of an infected 18 month old patient expresses concern that she may acquire rotavirus infection. Which of the following responses is most appropriate by the RN?
Adults may acquire rotavirus infection, but symptoms are generally mild.
