Chapter 22 Test World History
why did Robespierre call a halt to efforts at de-chritianization
he feared unrest in the countryside
What was the purpose of Austria's and Prussia's Declaration of Pillnitz?
it offered to support Louis XVI
Why did European kings initially welcome the French Revolution?
it weakened France, which they saw as a competing power
What was a positive development from population growth and urbanization
literacy rates improved
French representative assembly formed in 1789 the delegates of the third estate and some members of the clergy the second estate.
national assembly
in August 1791, who revolted on the island of Saint-Domingue?
slaves
what did eighteenth-century reforms believe about the rule of monarchs?
that it should be constrained by the will of the people
on August 27, 1789, the national issued a statement of principles known as what?
the declaration of the rights of man and of the citizen
the Thermidorian reaction saw what group reassert its authority in French politics
the middle class
The mountain was able to defeat the Girondists in the national Assembly by allying with what group of people?
the sans-culottes
Who did Abbé Sieyès argue should have more authority in the estates general?
the third estate
why did the Directory continue to support France's military expansion?
the wars helped to alleviate domestic economic problems, including unemployment.
Why did Louis XVI finance minister want the king to call an assembly of notables in 1787?
to gain support for fiscal reforms
in 1792, Louis and Mareie Antoinette were imprisoned and accused of what
treason
in the Tennis Court Oath, the delegates of the third estate pledged to not disband until they had been recognized as a National assembly and had what?
written a new constitution
By the late eighteenth century, European law recognized only what kinds of people as slaves?
Africans or people of African descent
In the Americas the 7 years war a border dispute between colonies of
Britain and France
In the Americas, the Seven Years's War was a border dispute between the colonies of what two countries?
Britain and France
in the Americas the seven years war was a border dispute between the colonies of what 2 countries?
Britain and France
What did louis XVI do in response to the demands of the National Assembly?
Called an army toward the capital to bring the delegates under control
What was the blockade imposed by Napoleon to halt all trade between continental Europe and Britain thereby weakening the British economy and military
Continental System
Traditional representative body of the three estates of France that met in 1789 in repose to imminent state bankruptcy
Estates General
Which of the following was included in the 1763 Treaty of Paris?
France gave up most of its holding in India, opening the way British dominance on the subcontinent.
White elites at St. Domingue were angered when the National Assembly in France granted political rights to whom in 1791?
Free people of color
the white elites of Saint-Domingue were angered when the National assembly in France granted political rights to who in 1791?
Free people of color
A moderate group that fought for control of the French National Convention in 1793
Girondists
the area over which Napoleon and his allies ruled, encompassing virtually all of Europe except Great Britain
Grand Empire
Why did Napoleon negotiate the Concordat of 1801 with the pope?
He hoped that the Catholic Church would help stabilize society and maintain order
After he was defeated at Waterloo in 1815, what happened to Napoleon?
He was imprisoned on the island of St. Helena
what stopped Napoleons plans to invade Britain?
His navy experienced huge losses at the battle of Trafalgar
what was one of the results of the increase in population and urbanization during the eighteenth century?
Inflation grew, making it more difficult for urban people to afford food and rent
In the 1780's, over 50 percent of France's annual budget was expended on which of the following?
Interest payments on the nation's ever-increasing debt
What was a consequence of Napoleon's Grand empire?
It encouraged the growth of reactive nationalism
How can France be described politically under Napoleon
It was governed by authoritarianism
political club during the French Revolution to which many of the deputies of the legislative Assembly belonged
Jacobin Club
who dominated the committee of Public Safety during the reign of terror?
Maximilien Robespierre
Led by Robespierre the French National Convention radical faction which led to the Convention in 1793
Mountain
French civil code promulgated in 1804 that reasserted the 1789 principles of the equality of all male citizens before law and the absolute security of wealth and private property.
Napoleonic code
what was the Great fear?
Peasant uprisings on the countryside
what did both Britain and France do as a result of the Seven Year's War?
Raised taxes
was the period from 1793 to 1794 during which Robespierre Committee of Public Safety tried and executed thousands suspected of treason and new revolutionary culture was imposed
Reign of Terror
Why did Civil War break out in Saint-Domingue in 1799?
Tensions between freed slaves and free people of color created the conflict.
on August 27, 1789 the national assembly issued a statement of principles known as
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
what was the Estates General?
The French Legislative assembly
a responce in 1794 to the violence of the Reign of Terror resulting in the execution of Robespierre and the loosening of economic controls?
Thermidorian
what was one of the special privileges enjoyed by European nobility in the eighteenth century?
They were given an exemption from taxes
The 17763 peace treaty that ended the 7 years war according vast French territories in North America and India to Britain and Louisiana to Spain
Treaty of Paris
who were the bourgeoisie?
Wealthy, educated commoners
Which of the following contributed to the economic crisis in 1789?
a poor harvest
what was the Bastille?
a royal prison
the napoleonic code asserted two fundamental principles of the revolution, the legal equality of all male citizens and what else?
absolute protection of wealth and property
Edmund Burke, in his 1790 Reflections on the Revolution in France
argued that form like that occurring in France would only lead to chaos and tyranny
which groups did not belong to the third estate
peasants
which of the following did the Jacobins see to suppress?
women's participation in political debate
John Locke believed that a government should
work through Parliament