Chapter 23 Flash Cards

Who competed with who?

European countries competed with each other to extend and power in Asia and Africa

Theodore Roosevelt

1858-1919. 26th President. Increased size of Navy, "Great White Fleet". Added Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine. "Big Stick" policy. Received Nobel Peace Prize for mediation of end of Russo-Japanese war. Later arbitrated split of Morocco between Germany and France.

What are "Boxers"

A secret chinese society who fought the foreign influence

Where is Samoa?

About 3,000 miles south of Hawaii are the Samoan Islands. Samoa allowed the Americans to build a naval station at Pago Pago. Samoa also granted special trading rights to the United States. Great Britain and Germany also got trading rights in the islands. As a result, tensions among the three powers grew.

Who planted sugarcane?

An American firm planted sugarcane in Hawaii in the 1830s. This valuable crop grew well in the warm, wet climate.

What has happened by late 1890's

By the late 1890s, Japan and several European powers had carved out spheres of influence in China. These were sections of the country in which each of the foreign nations enjoyed special rights and powers.

What helped lead?

Competition between countries helped lead to World War I

What is Imperialism?

Imperialism is the policy of extending a nation's rule over the other territories and countries.

What was it looking for?

Imperialism was driven by the search for materials and markets around the world.

What happened in 1867?

In 1867 Secretary of State William H. Seward arranged to acquire the Pacific islands of Midway. These islands lie more than 3,000 miles west of California. They provided a stopping place for ships traveling to China. Midway, however, was not enough to establish a foothold in the Pacific.

What was the American planters revolt?

In 1891, Queen Liliuokalani, became Hawaii's ruler. She wanted native Hawaiians to regain control of their islands. In response, American planters forced Liliuokalani from power. They set up their own provisional government, or temporary government, in 1893.

Who was Liliuokalani ?

In 1891, Queen Liliuokalani, became Hawaii's ruler. She wanted native Hawaiians to regain control. In response, Americans forced Liliuokalani from power.

What was the "Boxer Rebellion?"

In 1899 a secret Chinese society known as the Boxers rose up against "foreign devils" in China. The Boxers were angry at European attempts to carve up the country. Many foreigners died in violent clashes. The next year, foreign troops finally put down the Boxer Rebellion.

What happened in 1899

In 1899 the United States, Great Britain, and Germany met in Berlin. Without consulting the Samoans, the United States and Germany divided Samoa between them. The United States quickly annexed its portion. Great Britain withdrew from the area in return for rights to other Pacific islands.

Who came?

In the 1790s, Americans and Hawaiians began to trade with each other. A few decades later, Christian missionaries came to Hawaii to spread their religion.

What was the relation with Japan?

In the early 1900s, Japan and Russia clashed over Manchuria, a Chinese province rich in natural resources. On February 8, 1904, this conflict erupted into the Russo-Japanese War.

Who acquired China

Japan, Germany, Great Britain, France, and Russia all acquired spheres of influence in China. This struggle for economic power among the European nations caused a rise in tensions between the countries. Within a few decades, these escalating tensions would contribute to the outbreak of global war.

Emilio Aguinaldo

Leader of the Filipino independence movement against Spain (1895-1898). He proclaimed the independence of the Philippines in 1899, but his movement was crushed and he was captured by the United States Army in 1901.

What is National Honesty ?

National Honesty means we were not being true to the declaration of independence.

Why did America want China?

Pacific island territories were stepping-stones to a larger prize, China. Weakened by war, China also lacked industry. It could not resist the efforts of foreign powers that wanted to exploit, or make use of, its vast resources and markets.

Who was Benjamin Harrison?

President Benjamin Harrison signed an annexation treaty for Hawaii. The Senate, however, failed to ratify the treaty before Harrison finished his term. Without that Senate ratification, the treaty could not go into effect.

What is the Treaty of Portsmouth

President Roosevelt met with Russian and Japanese leaders in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, to resolve the conflict. Russia and China reached an agreement and signed the Treaty of Portsmouth in September 1905.

What was the relations between U.S. and Japan

Relations between the U.S. and Japan suffered additional strains. Many Japanese now lived in the United States, where they faced discrimination. In 1906, officials in San Francisco ordered the city's Asian students to attend separate schools from white students.

What was the "Great White Fleet?"

Some Americans wanted war. Although Roosevelt had no plan for war, he sent a "Great White Fleet" of 16 battleships on a cruise around the world. The ships impressed the Japanese. By 1909, the two countries resolved many of their differences.

Rough Riders

The First United States Volunteer Calvary, a mixure of Ivy League athletes and western frontiermen, volunteered to fight in the Spanish-American War. Enlisted by Theodore Roosevelt, they won many battles in Florida and enlisted in the invasion army of Cuba.

Where does Hawaii sit?

The Hawaiian Islands sit about 2,000 miles west of California.

What was "Hay's Open Door?"

The competition for economic influence in China also caused worry in the United States. U.S. government and business leaders feared being left out of the China trade. To protect American interests, Secretary of State John Hay proposed an Open Door policy. It gave each nation rights to trade freely in each other's sphere of influence. At first, the other powers did not accept the policy. Then, dramatic events in China led to a change of heart.

Who was Grover Cleveland ?

The new president Grover Cleveland withdrew the treaty from the Senate. He called American actions in Hawaii "disgraceful" and the use of U.S. Marines to help in the planters' revolt a violation of "national honesty." Hawaii's provisional government decided to wait until Cleveland left office.

Who was John Hay?

U.S. Secretary of State who wrote the open door notes. Encouraging open trade in China.

Who was Wm. Mckinley?

William McKinley became president, Congress approved annexation of Hawaii. In 1900 Hawaii became a territory of the United States.