Chapter 24-28 Art History Review (Multiple Choice)

What did Courbet employ in The Stone Breakers to convey the dismal nature of manual labor? a. A blend of soft pastels for the stones b. A palette of dirty browns and grays c. Swirling, diagonal lines d. Bright color highlights

b. A palette of dirty browns and grays

Who is the artist of "Judith Slaying Holofernes"? a. Caravaggio b. Artemesia Gentileschi c. Juan Sanchez Cotan d. Francisco de Zurbaran

b. Artemesia Gentileschi

Which artist was criticized for the "imitation of common and vulgar things" for destroying "the authority of antiquity and Raphael"? a. Carracci b. Caravaggio c. Velazquez d. Reni

b. Caravaggio

What was the original title of Edvard Much's powerfully emotional The Scream? a. Jealousy b. Despair c. Fear d. Loneliness

b. Despair

Who was a leading portrait painter in Haarlem and is known for his lively, relaxed group portraits? a. Anthony Van Dyck b. Frans Hals c. Rembrandt van Rijn d. Hendrick ter Brugghen

b. Frans Hals

The artist whose work best spoke for the French Revolution was which of the following? a. Johann Winckelmann b. Jacques-Louis David c. Fischer von Erlach d. William Hogarth

b. Jacques-Louis David

Which of the following works embodies the Enlightenment embrace of the values of the Greco-Roman world? a. Watteau, Pilgrimage to Cythera b. Kauffman, Cornelia Presenting Her Children as Her Treasures c. Tiepolo, Apotheosis of the Pisani Family d. Hogarth, Breakfast Scene

b. Kauffman, Cornelia Presenting Her Children as Her Treasures

Sargent's technique of applying paint in thin layers reflects the influence on him of which earlier work? a. Mrs. Richard Brinsley Sheridan b. Las Meninas c. Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp d. Conversation of Saint Paul

b. Las Meninas

Which Netherlandish painter's use of light to reveal subtleties of mood and character had a great influence on the later genres of film and photography? a. Vermeer b. Rembrandt c. van Honthorst d. Rubens

b. Rembrandt

When two doctrines divided the French Academy, which taught that color was the most important element? a. Poussinistes b. Rubenistes c. Naturalistes d. Titianistes

b. Rubenistes

Salon jurors regarded Courbet's depiction of the rural poor in The Stone Breakers as what? a. Endearing b. Socialistic c. Sublime d. Condescending

b. Socialistic

The results of the Spanish resistance to the invasion of their country by Napoleon's forces are highlighted in which painting by Goya? a. Family of Charles IV b. Third of May, 1808 c. Guernica d. Saturn Devouring One of His Children

b. Third of May, 1808

John Singer Sargent's The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit reveals his admiration for which earlier artist? a. Vermeer b. Velazquez c. Titian d. Michelangelo

b. Velazquez

Which European artist created The Abbey in the Oakwood, a Romantic transcendental landscape painting? a. Albert Bierstadt b. Joseph Mallord William Turner c. Caspar David Friedrich d. Gustave Courbet

c. Caspar David Friedrich

Who was the leading figure of the Realist movement in art? a. Eakins b. Bouguereau c. Courbet d. Bonheur

c. Courbet

Which work did Jacques-Louis David paint to provide inspiration and encouragement to French revolutionary forces? a. Death of General Wife b. Oath of the Horatii c. Death of Marat d. Cornelia Presenting Her Children as Her Treasures

c. Death of Marat

Which artist was a leader in the French Realist movement of the 19th century? a. Caspar David Friedeich b. Theodore Gericault c. Gustave Courbet d. John Singer Sargent

c. Gustave Courbet

Which artist painted a series of still lifes that he described as "offerings to the Virgin," probably a reference to Mary as the source of spiritual food for the faithful? a. Juan Martinez Montanes b. Francisco de Zurbaran c. Juan Sanchez Cotan d. Jose de Ribera

c. Juan Sanchez Cotan

Which painter was responsible for establishing still life as an important genre of painting in 17th-century Spain? a. El Greco b. Jose de Ribera c. Juan Sanchez Cotan d. Francisco de Zurbaran

c. Juan Sanchez Cotan

Which artist first made it his artistic practice to omit the preliminary sketch and use premixed pigments? a. Rodin b. Toulouse-Latrec c. Monet d. Gauguin

c. Monet

What was the setting of Pietro da Cartona's "Triumph of the Barberini"? a. Funerary monument to Pope Uraban VIII b. Crypt of the Capuchins c. Palazzo Barberini d. Barberini gardens

c. Palazzo Barberini

George Seurat's painting technique relying on an optical effect involving spots of color is referred to by what term? a. Chevreul theory b. Color gradation c. Pointillism d. Checkerboard

c. Pointillism

Which Netherlandish artist is known to have created more than 70 self-portraits? a. Vermeer b. Rubens c. Rembrandt d. Leyster

c. Rembrandt

Described as awe mixed with terror, the notion of the sublime had a role in which intellectual movement? a. Realism b. Positivism c. Romanticism d. Neoclassicism

c. Romanticism

The use of dark settings in Caravaggio's paintings is referred to by what art historical term? a. Skiagraphia b. Chromatism c. Tenebrism d. Mauvronism

c. Tenebrism

The naturalism and compelling drama of Caravaggio make their appearance in which work highlighting martyrdom by Jose de Ribera? a. Martyrdom of Saint Peter b. Martyrdom of Saint Teresa c. Martyrdom of Saint Serapion d. Martyrdom of Saint Philip

d. Martyrdom of Saint Philip

Delacroix's allegorical painting of Liberty Leading the People refers to an uprising that took place in what city? a. New York b. Madrid c. Boston d. Paris

d. Paris

The aim of much Italian Baroque art was to restore the predominance of which group? a. The Barberini family b. The Jesuit order c. Spanish monarchy d. Roman Catholic Church

d. Roman Catholic Church

The Roman Catholic response to the Reformation was formulated at which gathering? a. Convocation of Rome b. Council of Trent c. Council of Avignon d. Peace of Westphalia

b. Council of Trent

Which movement was a major impetus for political, social, and economic change in the 18th century? a. Grand Tour b. Enlightenment c. Discovery of Pompeii d. Neoclassicism

b. Enlightment

Which artist explored the possibilities of bold colors and distorted forms, creating a textile effect with energetic and thick brushstrokes? a. Gustave Caillebotte b. Vincent van Gogh c. Georges Seurat d. Mary Cassatt

b. Vincent van Gogh

The title of Watteau's Pilgrimage to Cythera, as well as the activities and figures shown in the painting, is an allusion to which Greco-Roman deity? a. Minerva b. Cupid c. Aphrodite d. Jupiter

c. Aphrodite

The Baroque element of Bernini's sculptural art is most evident in which aspect of his "David"? a. Face b. Musculature c. Body armor d. Garment

a. Face

Which Dutch artist made the subject of much of his art the interiors of Dutch middle-class dwellings? a. Rubens b. Vermeer c. Ruysch d. Cuyp

b. Vermeer

Which element of Marat's Oath of the Horatii reflects Enlightenment ideals rather than Neoclassicism? a. Narrow stagelike setting b. Subject from Roman history c. Juxtaposed actions of men and women d. Background with classical architecture

c. Juxtaposed actions of men and women

Who was the art patron responsible for the rise of Boucher to prominence in French painting after the death of Watteau? a. Louis XVI b. Julie de Lespinasse c. Madame de Pompadour d. Voltaire

c. Madame de Pompadour

What type of painting did Frans Hals create in Archers of Saint Hadrian? a. Battle scene b. Genre scene c. Portrait d. Still life

c. Portrait

A painting of inanimate objects such as flowers and fruit is referred to as what? a. A landscape b. A tableau c. A vignette d. A still life

d. A still life

Which Baroque artist was known for "classical" landscape settings that take precedence over the narrative of the painting? a. Artemesia Gentileschi b. Guido Reni c. Caravaggio d. Annibale Carracci

d. Annibale Carracci

Gian Lorenzo Bernini's Baldacchino for Saint Peter's features numerous bees, which were the symbol of which Roman family? a. Borgia b. Gonzaga c. Medici d. Barberini

d. Barberini

What tool do art historians believe Vermeer used to aid in his virtuoso depiction of light? a. Clip targets b. Photo lens c. Convex mirror d. Camera obscura

d. Camera obscura

Hendrick ter Brugghen's Calling of Saint Matthew echos a work of which great master? a. Michelangelo b. Raphael c. Titan d. Caravaggio

d. Caravaggio

Which element in Houdon's marble statue of George Washington is a Roman emblem of authority? a. The plow of the Roman Cincinnatus b The walking stick with attached ribbons c. The badge of the Society of Cincinnatus d. Column of thirteen rods (fasces)

d. Column of thirteen rods (fasces)

Who was the most renowned female painter of the 17th century? a. Artemisia Gentileschi b. Judith Leyster c. Levina Teerlinc d. Saint Teresa

a. Artemisia Gentileschi

Jose de Ribera brought the style of which artist to Spain? a. Bernini b. Caravaggio c. Carracci d. Reni

b. Caravaggio

What do art historians call still-life compositions that contain at least one memento mori? a. Funeral paintings b. Futility paintings c. Vanitas paintings d. Ars moriendi paintings

c. Vanitas paintings

Amid their new economic prosperity, which artistic subject became especially popular among the Dutch middle class? a. landscapes b. portraits c. still lifes d. religious scenes

c. still lifes

Which Baroque work takes its inspiration from Ovid's "Metamorphoses"? a. Reni, Aurora b. Cortona, Triumph of the Barberini c. Carracci, Loves of the Gods d. Velazquez, Las Meninas

c. Carracci, Loves of the Gods

For which building did Guido Reni paint "Aurora"? a. Palazzo Carignano b. Palazzo Farnese c. Casino Rospigliosi d. Casa Barberini

c. Casino Rospigliosi

Which artist combined the innovations of many of the Italian Renaissance and Baroque masters to formulate the first pan-European painting style? a. Anthony Van Dyck b. Johannes Vermeer c. Peter Paul Rubens d. Rembrandt van Rijin

c. Peter Paul Rubens

Which early patron of Caravaggio gave the artist a steady income in exchange for a selection of his paintings? a. Pope Paul V b. Pope Urban VIII c. Odoardo Farnese d. Cardinal Del Monte

d. Cardinal Del Monte

In the debate among members of the French Royal Academy regarding the relative superiority of color or form, which side did Watteau favor? a. Color (Poussinistes) b. Form (Rubenistes) c. Form (Poussinistes) d. Color (Rubenistes)

d. Color (Rubenistes)

What art historical term describes Monet's practice of painting his works outdoors? a. Encaustic b. Sunlit art c. Art brut d. En plein air

d. En plein air

The painting genre created by Antoine Watteau in which the amusements and entertainments of the upper classes are depicted is referred to by what term? a. Pays bonheaur b. Sans souci c. Fete de jour d. Fete galante

d. Fete galante

Who is the painter of the Rococo work The Swing? a. Tiepolo b. Boucher c. Watteau d. Fragonard

d. Fragonard

Bernini's statue of David differs from his predecessors by showing David in what moment? a. Waiting for the enemy b. After he had slain Goliath c. In later life as king d. In the heat of combat

d. In the heat of combat

Who was one of the first Romantic artists to depict the dark terrain of the subconscious? a. Antoine-Jean Gros b. Theodore Gericault c. Jacques-Louis David d. John Henry Fuseli

d. John Henry Fuseli

Which leader embraced Neoclassicism because of its associations with virtues such as mortality, idealism, and patriotism? a. Napolean b. George IV c. George Washington d. Thomas Jefferson

d. Thomas Jefferson

Jean-Antoine Houdon and Horatio Greenough created Neoclassical artworks in which medium? a. Granite buildings b. Oil on canvas c. Wood and brick houses d. Marble sculpture

d. Marble sculpture

In the Protestant Dutch Republic, art was mainly commissioned by which group? a. The aristocracy b. The Church c. Absolute rulers d. Merchant patrons

d. Merchant patrons

Which two Italian masters are the clearest influences on Ruben's Elevation of the Cross? a. Michelangelo and Raphael b. Raphael and Titan c. Titan and Caravaggio d. Michelangelo and Caravaggio

d. Michelangelo and Caravaggio

What earlier work does Caravaggio invoke in the hand gesture of Christ in "Calling of Saint Matthew?" a. Durer, Self-Portrait b. Raphael, Pope Leo X c. da Vinci, Last Supper d. Michelangelo, Creation of Adam

d. Michelangelo, Creation of Adam

In which work does van Gogh say that he is trying to "express the terrible passions of humanity by means of red and green"? a. Flowering Plum Tree b. The Potato Easters c. Starry Night d. Night Cafe

d. Night Cafe

Which painter deployed the drama and majesty offered by the height and scale of a ceiling fresco to glorify the Barberini family in "Triumph of the Barberini"? a. Guido Reni b. Giovanni Battista Gaulli c. Fra Andrea Pozzo d. Pietro da Cortona

d. Pietro da Cortona

Art historians believe that the American artist Thomas Eakins modeled The Gross Clinic on what? a. Homer's Veteran in a New Field b. Blake's Ancient of Days c. Rosetti's Beata Beatrix d. Rembrandt's Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp

d. Rembrandt's Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp

A gathering of wealthy socialites in the first half of the 18th century in France would most likely take place in a room decorated in which style? a. Baroque b. Neoclassical c. Naturalist d. Rococo

d. Rococo

Which 18th-century artistic style enables a unification among diverse artistic media such as architecture, painting, sculpture, and even music? a. Baroque b. Neoclassicism c. Realism d. Rococo

d. Rococo

In the "Triumph of the Barberini" by Pietro da Cortona, the papal tiara and keys are meant to announce the accomplishments of which pope? a. Alexander VII b. Leo III c. Gregory VII d. Urban VIII

d. Urban VIII

Which of the following ideas was Vincent van Gogh trying to communicate in his Starry Night? a. Stygian darkness of night b. Birth of a galaxy c. Myopia of humanity d. Vastness of the universe

d. vastness of the universe