Chapter 24 - The New Deal

Who was Roosevelt's principle challenger in the presidential election of 1936?

Alf M. Landon

The African American administrators appointed by Roosevelt were known collectively as the...

Black Cabinet

The economic downturn that began in 1937 was widely known as the "__________ recession."

Roosevelt

In accordance with the Emergency Banking Act...

all banks were inspected by the Treasury Department

The "Roosevelt recession" caused the president to...

ask Congress for $5 billion in public works and relief programs

Among conservatives, the greatest hatred of Roosevelt came from...

businessmen and financiers

Roosevelt's attempt to balance the budget in 1937...

created economic conditions that rivaled the bleak days of 1932-1933

In the months following the establishment of the National Recover Administration, Industrial production...

declined

Franklin Delano Roosevelt's personality could best be described as...

ebullient and friendly

The Frazier-Lmke Farm Bankruptcy Act

enabled some farmers to regain their land and their forclosures

The New Deal failed to do what two things?

end the Depression and recognize the full value of government spending as a vehicle for recovery

The pension system established by the Social Security Act of 1935...

excluded domestic servants and agricultural laborers

Roosevelt's attempt to install new justices on the Supreme Court...

failed in Congress

The strike that prompted the "Memorial Day Massacre..."

failed, though the companies involved recognized the union several years later

Franklin Roosevelt's informal radio talks were known as...

fireside chats

How did Roosevelt react to a request by business leaders for an anti deflation program?

he agreed, but he imposed conditions

What are two accusations that were characteristic of those levied against Roosevelt in the "whispering campaign" of 1935?

he was a drug addict and he was insane

The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was intended to...

increase the productivity of local farms, encourage the growth of local industries, and improve the economy of the entire Tennessee River Valley

Father Charles E. Coughlin, founder of the National Union for Social Justice...

initially supported Roosevelt, but later turned against him

Founded in 1937, the Federal Housing Administration's primary purpose was to...

insure mortgages

What best describes the American Federation of Labor's position in the 1930s?

it remained committed to craft unionism

The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 accomplished what?

it restored to the tribes the right to own land collectively

"Sit down" strikes involved sitting down in the workplace and refusing to work or leave, thus...

keeping the company from being able to use strike breakers

The Works Progress Administration...

kept an average of roughly 2 million workers employed

The Wagner Act of 1935 dealt with...

labor relations

The terms of the Agricultural Adjustment Act favored...

large landowners over small ones

Under the terms of the Agricultural Adjustment Act, the government paid fees to farms for...

leaving some of their land idle

John L. Lewis, influential leader of the United Mine Workers...

left the American Federation of Labor (AFT) to found the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO).

The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 did what three things?

limited child labor, established a forty hour workweek, and established a national minimum wage

Huey P. Long's Share-Our Wealth Society proposed to confiscate and redistribute some of the assets of the...

nation's wealthiest individuals

The Roosevelt administration established work-relief programs that...

planted trees and developed parks and constructed roads, dams, and other infrastructure projects

The Temporary National Economic Committee was created to...

reform antitrust laws

The National Recovery Administration focused on...

regulating a wide range of businesses

Roosevelt's proposed reform of tax system in 1935...

seemed to be an attempt to undermine the appeal of his political rival, Huey Long, and would have created the highest peacetime tax rates in history

Huey P. Long was known for...

serving as the governor of Louisiana, and later as a senator; promoting a radical plan to stimulate the economy by taking money from wealthy citizens and giving it to the lower classes; strident attacks on banks, oil companies, utilities, and conservative policies

What are two true statements regarding the projects undertaken by the Civil Works Administration?

some were little more than make-work and they included the construction of roads, schools, and parks

Under the Townsend Plan, the federal pensions were to be...

spent in full each month

Huey P. Long was known for...

strident attacks on the banks, oil companies, utilities, and conservative politicians; serving as the governor of Louisiana, and later as a senator; promoting a radical plan to stimulate the economy by taking money from wealthy citizens and giving it to the lower classes

Created in 1935, the Rural Electrification Administration...

succeeded in bringing electric power to thousands of farmers

What was completed under the New Deal and was, upon completion, the largest public works project built to date?

the Grand Coulee Dam

What are three ways the New Deal failed to challenge, and sometimes even reinforce, patterns of discrimination?

the NRA codes tolerated black people being paid less than white people who were doing the same jobs, when funding ran low for WPA projects black workers and women were among the first to be laid off, and racial justice was never a significant part of the New Deal agenda

Which region of the country received the most New Deal funding per capita?

the West

What effectively needed opposition to public development of the nation's power and water resources?

the collapse of a major utility conglomerate

At the center of the Townsend Plan were federal pensions for...

the elderly

What two factors contributed significantly to bringing an end to the New Deal?

the growing congressional opposition and the growing thread of world crisis

Who was Frances Perkins?

the nation's first female cabinet member

Despite Roosevelt's support to African Americans

there was discrimination in the CCC and WPA, because he did not want to go against souther Democrats, he did not make lynching a federal crime, and he did not abolish the poll tax which sometimes prevented black people from voting

The projects of the Tennessee Valley Authority accomplished what two things?

they virtually eliminated flooding in the region and they provided electricity to thousands who had never had it before

What two statements correctly describe the codes established by the National Recovery Administration?

they were hastily and poorly written and large producers dominated the code writing process

The Liberty League...

tried to arouse public opposition to what it called the dictatorial policies of the New Deal

Which group benefited the most form the Wagner Act?

unions

Until the 1930s, __________ were largely successful in blocking public development of the nation's power and water resources.

utility companies

The Emergency Banking Act of 1933...

was in general a conservative bill

The Congress of Industrial Organizations...

was more receptive to African Americans than the American Federation of Labor

In general, New Deal programs reflected which basic assumption about women in the workforce?

women should withdraw from the workplace when men are seeking work

What are five groups for which special programs established by Works Progress Administration provided work?

writers, painters, sculptors, musicians, and theater professionals