Chapter 25: Africa and the Atlantic World >
How many Africans were forcefully brought to the Americas as part of the trans-Atlantic slave trade?
12 million.
When did the heaviest slave trading take place?
18th century.
Over the course of the entire period of trans-Atlantic slavery, what was the mortality rate for the middle passage?
25 percent.
In 1800, what did the population of Africa stand at?
60 million
What were one of the factors that made African slavery different from the varieties?
African law didn't recognize private property, and thus slaves served as a measure of personal wealth.What was
What was the first European colony in sub-Saharan Africa?
Angola.
The Fulani...
Attempted through military conquest, to install a strict form of Islam in Africa.
Why did Islam and Christianity usually spread into sub-Saharan Africa?
Because of the failure of Judaism to capture a larger audience.
Thomas Peters was...
Central in promoting the establishment of a colony for ex-slaves in Serra Leone.
The ruler of the Kingdom of Kongo, Afonso the First, converted to what religion and encouraged his subjects to convert as well?
Christianity.
What is King Nzinga Mbemba of Kongo best known for?
Conversion to Catholicism.
What was the first European nation to the abolish slave trade?
Denmark
Who was the founder that stressed that Jesus Christ had been a black man and that the Kongo was the true holy land?
Dona Beatriz.
A trading post was built at Cape Town in 1652 by the...
Dutch.
Who did Queen Nzinga form an alliance with in an effort to drive the Portuguese out of Ndongo?
Dutch.
Like Islam, Christianity would not make compromises with the traditional beliefs and customs of sub-Saharan peoples.
False.
The last country in the Americas to emancipate slaves was the United States, in 1865.
False.
The most important American food crop brought to sub-Saharan Africa was maize.
False.
What was the most important early city in the Songhai empire?
Gao
What was the massive fortified city in southern Africa that dominated the gold trade in the gold-bearing plain between the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers until the late 15th century?
Great Zimbabwe.
As a part of the triangular slave trade, Europeans usually picked up slaves in Africa in return for what?
Horses and firearms.
What did the arrival of the Europeans do?
It dramatically increased previously existing slave networks.
Which indigenous group did the Dutch encounter when they founded Cape Town?
Khoikhoi.
The Portuguese referred to Ndongo as Angola because of the word ngola, which meant...
King.
During the early modern period in Africa, what did the basis of social organization continue to be?
Kinship groups.
What was the most important American crop introduced into Africa in the 16th century?
Manioc.
What did the Songhai empire fall to in 1591?
Moroccan army.
All the Songhai emperors were...
Muslims.
What did Sunni Ali build a powerful imperial navy to patrol?
Niger River.
What were the Swahili city states subdued by in 1505?
Portuguese.
Who were the first European slave traders?
Portuguese.
The vast majority of slaves...
Provided agricultural labor on plantations.
Who was the chief obstacle to the Portuguese control of Angola?
Queen Nzinga.
The rise in maritime trade in the early modern era in Africa...
Resulted in regional kingdoms replacing the imperial states of West Africa.
What was the only place where a slave revolt actually brought about an end to slavery?
Saint-Domingue.
Which of the following is NOT associated with the syncretic religions of Africans in the Americas?
Saramaka.
Who was the ruler most responsible for consolidating the Songhai empire?
Sunni Ali.
Where was Islam most popular in sub-Saharan Africa?
The commercial centers of West Africa and the Swahili city states of east Africa.
An alliance with Portugal brought wealth and foreign recognition to Kongo, as well as...
The eventual destruction of the Kingdom.
Which of the following was NOT an accomplishment of the Fulani?
They eliminated the traditional elements of syncretic Islam.
Who were the Black Pioneers?
They were escaped slaves who fought to maintain British rule in the North American colonies.
Where was the center of Islamic learning in west Africa?
Timbuktu.
As the profitability of slavery declined, Europeans began to shift their investments from sugarcane and slaves to newly emerging manufacturing industries.
True.
In 1505, a massive Portuguese naval expedition subdued all the Swahili cities from Sofala to Mombasa.
True.
Queen Nzinga dressed as a male warrior when leading troops in battle and insisted that her subjects refer to her as king rather than queen.
True.
Slaves resisted in numerous ways: slow work, sabotage of equipment, running away, and slave revolts.
True.
The Kings of Kongo converted to Christianity as a way to establish closer commercial relations with Portuguese merchants and diplomatic relations with the Portuguese monarchy.
True.
The part of the slave trade that was the trans-Atlantic journey was called the "middle passage".
True.
The slave trade created a sexual imbalance in some parts of Africa. In Angola, this imbalance encouraged the practice of polygyny and forced women to take on duties that had been the responsibility of men.
True.
Throughout most of history, where did the majority of slaves come from?
War captives.
