CHAPTER 27/28
The cricoid cartilage: A. is easier to see and palpate than the thyroid cartilage. B. is the only complete circular cartilage of the trachea. C. lies superior to the cricothyroid membrane in the neck. D. lies superior to the thyroid cartilage in the neck.
B
The most significant complication associated with facial injuries is: A. cervical spine injury. B. airway compromise. C. damage to the eyes. D. mandibular immobility.
B
The opening in the center of the iris, which allows light to move to the back of the eye, is called the: A. cornea. B. pupil. C. conjunctiva. D. sclera.
B
The optic nerve endings are located within the: A. pupil. B. retina. C. cornea. D. sclera.
B
A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the: A. muscle fascia. B. fatty layer. C. dermal layer. D. epidermis.
C
Which of the following statements regarding anterior nosebleeds is correct? A. They are usually severe and require aggressive treatment to control. B. They are usually caused by a fracture of the basilar skull. C. They cause blood to drain into the posterior pharynx. D. They usually originate from the septum area and bleed slowly
D
A 17-year-old male was shot in the right anterior chest during an altercation. As your partner is applying oxygen, you perform a rapid assessment and find an open chest wound with a small amount of blood bubbling from it. You should A. apply an occlusive dressing to the wound and continue your assessment. B. direct your partner to assist the patient's ventilations with a bag-mask device. C. place a sterile dressing over the wound and apply direct pressure. D. control the bleeding from the wound and prepare to transport at once
A
A 38-year-old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your assessment reveals that he is unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. A coworker has shut off the power to the house. You should: A. begin CPR and apply the AED. B. assess for entry and exit wounds. C. fully immobilize his spinal column. D. begin CPR and transport at once
A
A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by a baseball during a game. He is confused and has slurred speech. He has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead and cannot remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should: A. administer high-flow oxygen. B. perform a neurologic exam. C. palpate his radial pulses. D. apply ice to the hematoma
A
A 40-year-old male was in his woodworking shop when he felt a sudden, sharp pain in his left eye. Your assessment reveals a small splinter of wood embedded in his cornea. You should A. cover both of his eyes and transport to the hospital. B. cover his right eye and flush the left eye with saline. C. scrape the splinter away with moist, sterile gauze. D. remove the object with a cotton-tipped applicator.
A
A 5-year-old female pulled a pot of boiling water from the stove. She has superficial and partial-thickness burns to her head, face, and anterior trunk. What percentage of her body surface area has been burned? A. 30% B. 36% C. 27% D. 18%
A
A 52-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her face when her truck collided with another vehicle. She has obvious swelling to her face and several dislodged teeth. A visual exam of her mouth reveals minimal bleeding. She is conscious and alert with a blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg, a pulse of 110 beats/min, and respirations of 22 breaths/min with adequate tidal volume. You should A. fully immobilize her spine, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, suction as needed, and transport. B. fully immobilize her spine, irrigate her empty tooth sockets, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, and transport. C. assist ventilations with a BVM device, immobilize her spine, suction her oropharynx for 30 seconds, and transport. D. apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, suction her airway as needed, disregard the dislodged teeth, and transport
A
A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is called a(n) A. contusion. B. crush injury. C. abrasion. D. hematoma.
A
A laceration: A. is a jagged cut caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma. B. rarely penetrates through the subcutaneous tissue to the muscle. C. is an injury that separates various layers of soft tissue. D. is a sharp, smooth cut that is made by a surgical scalpel
A
A patient who is complaining of seeing flashing lights, specks, or "floaters" in his or her field of vision has most likely experienced: A. a detached retina. B. a blow-out fracture. C. conjunctivitis. D. acute hyphema.
A
A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high-power line. He fell approximately 20 feet and is lying unresponsive on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should: A. rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live. B. quickly but carefully move the patient away from the power line. C. manually stabilize his head as your partner assesses for breathing. D. apply insulated gloves and assume manual control of his cervical spine.
A
According to the rule of palm method for estimating the extent of a patient's burns, the palm of the patient's hand is equal to _____ of his or her total body surface area A. 1% B. 4% C. 6% D. 2%
A
An injury that separates various layers of soft tissue, resulting in complete detachment or a flap of skin, is called a(n): A. avulsion. B. laceration. C. amputation. D. incision
A
Burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because: A. pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass. B. pediatric patients are more prone to hyperthermia. C. pediatric patients have a proportionately larger volume of blood. D. most burns in children are the result of child abuse.
A
During the normal wound-healing process, bleeding might occur from even a minor injury because: A. new capillaries that stem from intact capillaries are delicate and take time to become as stable as the preexisting capillaries. B. bacteria and other microorganisms invade the wound site and damage the capillaries, which makes them more prone to bleeding. C. histamines released by the immune system constrict the blood vessels, which increases the pressure within them. D. there is a substantial decrease in the number of platelets in and around the wound, which increases the risk of bleeding
A
Facial injuries should be identified and treated as soon as possible because: A. of the risk for airway problems. B. bleeding must be controlled early. C. swelling might mask hidden injuries. D. the spine might be injured as well.
A
Functions of dressings and bandages include all of the following, except: A. immobilization of the injury. B. prevention of contamination. C. control of external hemorrhage. D. protection from further injury.
A
Regarding the pediatric rule of nines, the: A. legs are proportionately smaller than an adult's legs. B. arms are proportionately larger than an adult's arms. C. thorax is proportionately larger than an adult's thorax. D. head is proportionately smaller than an adult's head.
A
The germinal layer of the epidermis contains pigment granules that are responsible for skin: A. color. B. texture. C. temperature. D. moisture.
A
The sebaceous glands produce sebum, a material that A. waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple. B. pulls the hair erect when you are cold. C. facilitates shedding of the epidermis. D. discharges sweat onto the skin's surface.
A
The superficial temporal artery can be palpated: A. just anterior to the tragus. B. over the mastoid process. C. slightly above the ear. D. at the angle of the jaw.
A
When a light is shone into the pupil: A. it should become smaller in size. B. both pupils should dilate together. C. the opposite pupil should dilate. D. it should become larger in size.
A
When assessing a patient with a closed soft-tissue injury, it is most important to: A. remain alert for more severe underlying injuries. B. manipulate the injury site for signs of a fracture. C. recognize that the integrity of the skin is broken. D. assess circulation distal to the site of the injury.
A
When caring for a patient with an open facial injury, the EMT's immediate priority should be to: A. wear gloves and facial protection. B. consider the mechanism of injury. C. manually stabilize the patient's head. D. closely assess the patient's airway
A
When transporting a patient with a facial injury, it is most important to be as descriptive as possible with the hospital regarding the patient's injuries because: A. they might need to call a specialist to see the patient. B. it saves time on repeat assessments at the hospital. C. most patients with facial trauma will need surgery. D. they must make arrangements for an ICU bed
A
Which of the following findings would be least suggestive of a head injury? A. Briskly constricting pupils when exposed to light B. One pupil larger in size than the other pupil C. Failure of the eyes to move in the same direction D. Failure of the eyes to follow movement of an object
A
Which of the following statements regarding crush syndrome is correct? A. Compromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of the body is trapped for longer than four hours. B. Provided that a patient with a crush injury is freed from entrapment within six hours, the amount of tissue damaged is generally minimal. C. Tissue damage that occurs in crush syndrome is severe, but kidney injury is unlikely because toxins are quickly eliminated from the body. D. With crush syndrome, massive blood vessel damage occurs following severe soft-tissue injuries, such as amputation of an extremity.
A
Which of the following statements regarding penetrating injuries is correct? A. External bleeding might be minimal, but internal injuries can be extensive. B. It is important to distinguish between entrance and exit wounds in the field. C. The degree of internal injury can often be estimated by the external injury. D. The depth of a penetrating injury should be thoroughly assessed by the EMT
A
Which of the following statements regarding severe burns is correct? A. Severe burns are typically a combination of all degrees of burns. B. Patients with severe burns are especially prone to hyperthermia. C. Severe burns involving the airway have a 100% mortality rate. D. The majority of severe burns involve full-thickness burns only.
A
You are assessing a 30-year-old woman with multiple large bruises to her chest and abdomen that she experienced during an assault. She is conscious but restless, and her skin is cool and pale. You should be most concerned with: A. the fact that her clinical signs could indicate that she is bleeding internally. B. obtaining a complete set of vital signs to rule out the possibility of shock. C. assessing the bruises that overlie major organs in the chest and abdomen. D. performing a detailed secondary assessment to locate all of her injuries.
A
You are transporting an immobilized patient with severe facial trauma. As you are preparing to give your radio report to the hospital, the patient begins vomiting large amounts of blood. You should: A. turn the backboard onto its side. B. quickly suction his oropharynx. C. reassess his breathing adequacy. D. alert the hospital of the situation
A
A 29-year-old male has an anterior nosebleed after he was accidentally elbowed in the nose. He is conscious and alert with adequate breathing. The most appropriate care for this patient includes: A. placing him supine and pinching his nostrils together. B. leaning him forward and pinching his nostrils together. C. applying a gauze pad in between his lower lip and gum. D. packing the nasopharynx with moist, sterile dressings
B
A 30-year-old female was robbed and assaulted as she was leaving a nightclub. She has massive facial trauma and slow, gurgling respirations. As your partner manually stabilizes her head, you should: A. begin immediate ventilatory assistance. B. suction her oropharynx. C. visualize her mouth for obvious wounds. D. apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask.
B
A 33-year-old male sustained an abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant of his abdomen after he was cut with a large knife. After appropriately managing his ABCs and assessing him for other life-threatening injuries, how should you care for his wound? A. Cover the exposed bowel and keep his legs in a straight position. B. Cover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing. C. Irrigate it with sterile water and cover it with a dry dressing. D. Carefully replace the exposed bowel into the abdomen and transport.
B
A 39-year-old female experienced a severe closed head injury. She is unresponsive with her eyes slightly open; her pupils are bilaterally dilated and slow to react. In addition to managing problems with airway, breathing, and circulation, you should: A. irrigate her eyes with water to prevent mucosal drying. B. close her eyes and cover them with a moist dressing. C. secure her eyes open so you can reassess her pupils. D. inspect her eyes and gently remove impaled objects
B
A 4-year-old female has a peanut lodged in the external auditory canal of her right ear. You should: A. thoroughly flush her ear with sterile saline. B. transport her to the emergency department. C. remove the peanut with a cotton-tipped swab. D. use tweezers to try to remove the object
B
A 44-year-old male sustained a laceration to his left ear during a minor car accident. Your assessment reveals minimal bleeding. Appropriate care for this injury includes: A. packing the ear with sterile gauze pads. B. padding between the ear and the scalp. C. applying a tight pressure dressing. D. covering the wound with a moist dressing
B
A construction worker fell approximately 30 feet and landed in a pile of steel rods. Your assessment reveals that he is pulseless and apneic and has a 10-foot steel rod impaled in his left leg. You should: A. stabilize the steel rod, control the bleeding, begin CPR, and rapidly transport to a trauma center. B. control the bleeding, begin CPR, stabilize the steel rod, immobilize his spine, and transport immediately. C. remove the steel rod, control the bleeding, apply an automated external defibrillator, begin CPR, and transport to a trauma center. D. control the bleeding, carefully remove the steel rod, begin CPR, and transport as soon as possible.
B
A factory worker was splashed in the eyes with a strong acid chemical. He complains of intense pain and blurred vision. Your ambulance does not carry bottles of sterile saline or water. You should A. mix baking soda with water and irrigate his eyes with the solution. B. irrigate both eyes continuously for 20 minutes with plain water. C. neutralize the acid chemical in his eye with an alkaline chemical. D. flush both eyes with an alcohol-based solution and transport
B
A young female was involved in a motor vehicle crash. She complains of pain to her left eye, which appears to have a piece of glass impaled in it. Further assessment reveals a large laceration to her left forearm with active venous bleeding. As your partner manually stabilizes the patient's head, you should: A. stabilize the impaled glass in her eye. B. apply direct pressure to her arm wound. C. carefully remove the glass from her eye. D. administer 100% supplemental oxygen
B
Bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face is most effectively controlled with: A. digital pressure to an adjacent pulse point. B. direct pressure using dry, sterile dressings. C. ice packs and elevation of the patient's head. D. pressure dressings and chemical ice packs.
B
During an altercation in a bar, two patrons got into a fist fight. The first patient, a 44-year-old female, was struck in the mouth and refuses EMS care. The second patient, a 39-year-old female, has a small laceration to her left knuckle and also refuses EMS care. Which of the following statements regarding this scenario is correct? A. You should contact the police and have the patients arrested. B. The 39-year-old female is at high risk for an infection. C. The patient struck in the mouth should be immobilized. D. The 44-year-old female is at high risk for an infection
B
During your assessment of a 22-year-old male who was assaulted, you note widespread contusions and abrasions to his face, chest, and abdomen. His pulse is rapid and weak, and his skin is cool and clammy. You should: A. perform a focused physical exam of his abdomen. B. administer oxygen and prepare for rapid transport. C. place him in a sitting position and give him oxygen. D. conclude that he is experiencing intracranial bleeding.
B
Following blunt trauma to the face, a 21-year-old male complains of a severe headache and decreased ability to move his eyes. This patient's clinical presentation is most consistent with: A. a ruptured eyeball. B. a blow-out fracture. C. a lacerated globe. D. optic vessel compression
B
In addition to external bleeding, the most significant risk that an open soft-tissue injury exposes a patient to is: A. vessel damage. B. infection. C. nerve damage. D. hypothermia
B
In contrast to animal bites, the bite of a human: A. typically results in a minor infection that is slow-spreading. B. carries with it a wide variety of virulent bacteria and viruses. C. is associated with a much higher incidence of rabies infection. D. is usually less severe because the human mouth is cleaner.
B
The small, rounded, fleshy bulge immediately anterior to the ear canal is called the A. pinna. B. tragus. C. incus. D. stapes
B
The term "hyphema" is defined as: A. compression of one or both optic nerves. B. blood in the anterior chamber of the eye. C. an acute rupture of the globe of the eye. D. inflammation of the iris, cornea, and lens.
B
The upper jawbones are called the: A. mandible. B. maxillae. C. mastoid. D. zygoma.
B
Which of the following areas of the body has the thinnest skin? A. Back B. Ears C. Soles of the feet D. Scalp
B
Which of the following is a severe burn in a 2-year-old child A. Any burn that involves the arms, legs, or posterior part of the body B. Any full-thickness burn, regardless of its location on the body C. Superficial burn that covers 25% of the BSA D. Partial-thickness burn that covers 10% of the BSA
B
Which of the following is a severe burn in a 35-year-old patient? A. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the body surface area B. Circumferential partial-thickness burn to the chest C. Full-thickness burn to 5% of the body surface area D. Superficial burn covering 50% of the body surface area
B
Which of the following is a sign of compartment syndrome? A. A bounding pulse distal to the injury site B. Pain upon passive movement of the injury site C. Absence of pain at the injury site D. Extreme redness to the injury site
B
Which of the following open soft-tissue injuries is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss? A. Avulsion B. Abrasion C. Laceration D. Incision
B
You are dispatched to a convenience store, where the clerk sustained a laceration to the side of his neck during a robbery attempt. During your assessment, you note bright red blood spurting from the laceration. You should: A. circumferentially wrap a dressing around his neck. B. apply direct pressure above and below the wound. C. apply pressure to the closest arterial pressure point. D. apply direct pressure below the lacerated vessel
B
You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should: A. remove the bandage and dressing and apply another one. B. assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed. C. carefully manipulate her arm until the symptoms subside. D. remove the gauze bandage and replace it with an elastic one.
B
A 21-year-old male was working in an auto repair shop and sustained radiator burns to the anterior aspect of both arms and to his anterior chest. According to the rule of nines, this patient has burns that cover _____ of his body surface area. A. 36% B. 27% C. 18% D. 45%
C
A 30-year-old male experienced a crushing injury when his forearm was trapped between the back of a truck and a loading dock. Upon your arrival, the man's arm has been freed. Your assessment reveals that his arm is obviously deformed and swollen and is cold and pale. Further assessment reveals an absent radial pulse. You should be most concerned that this patient has: A. internal hemorrhage. B. a severe closed fracture. C. compartment syndrome. D. damage to the radial nerve
C
A 56-year-old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should A. carefully probe the wound to determine if the bleeding is venous or arterial. B. carefully remove the avulsed flap and wrap it in a moist, sterile trauma dressing. C. replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing. D. thoroughly irrigate the wound with sterile water and cover it with a sterile dressing.
C
A teenage boy who was involved in a bicycle accident has a puncture wound where the bicycle kickstand impaled his leg. The most appropriate method for treating this injury is to A. remove the kickstand in a circular motion and apply a dry, sterile dressing. B. cut the kickstand off just above the skin, and stabilize it with sterile dressings. C. unbolt the kickstand from the bike frame and stabilize it with bulky dressings. D. leave the kickstand attached to the bike until the physician can remove it safely
C
A young female experienced a laceration to her left eyeball from flying glass when her boyfriend broke a soda bottle against a wall. There is moderate bleeding, and the patient states that she cannot see out of the injured eye. You should: A. apply firm direct pressure to the injured eye and cover the opposite eye. B. ask her to move the injured eye to assess the integrity of the optic nerve. C. avoid applying pressure to the globe when you are covering the eye. D. carefully examine her eye and remove any foreign objects if needed.
C
Abnormal variations in pupil size and reaction would most likely be observed in a patient with: A. contact lenses. B. conjunctivitis. C. a brain injury. D. retinitis.
C
An 8-year-old male was bitten by a stray dog. He has a large laceration to the back of his left hand, which your partner covered with a sterile dressing and bandage. In addition to transporting the child to the hospital, you should A. administer oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. B. advise the child that he will need rabies shots. C. report the incident to the appropriate authorities. D. ask the child's father to try to locate the dog
C
An abdominal evisceration: A. should be covered with bulky dry, sterile dressings. B. often causes severe hypothermia because of heat loss. C. occurs when organs protrude through an open wound. D. is most commonly the result of blunt force trauma.
C
As you approach a young male who was involved in an industrial accident, you note that his eyes are closed and that he is not moving. You can see several large contusions to his arms, a laceration to his forehead with minimal bleeding, and a closed deformity to his right leg. You should: A. perform an immediate head-to-toe assessment. B. apply high-flow oxygen and assess his injuries. C. open his airway and assess his breathing status. D. assess his pulse for rate, regularity, and quality.
C
Burns are classified according to: A. degree and location. B. location and pain. C. depth and extent. D. extent and location
C
During your assessment of a patient who was shot in the abdomen, you notice a large entrance wound with multiple small puncture wounds surrounding it. This wound pattern is most consistent with a: A. .22-caliber pistol. B. handgun. C. shotgun. D. .357 magnum.
C
For electricity to flow through the body and cause damage: A. the person must make direct physical contact with the source of electricity. B. the part of the body that is in contact with the electrical source must be dry. C. a complete circuit must exist between the electrical source and the ground. D. an insulator must exist between the electrical source and the patient.
C
Frequent reassessments of the patient with face or neck injuries are most important because: A. rapid facial swelling might mask hidden injuries. B. hospital staff require frequent patient updates. C. such injuries can affect the respiratory system. D. they lend credibility to your documentation
C
Functions of the skin include all of the following, except: A. sending information to the brain. B. regulation of body temperature. C. the production of key antibodies. D. maintenance of water balance.
C
In addition to severe bleeding, the most life-threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is: A. a spinal fracture. B. an ischemic stroke. C. an air embolism. D. nerve fiber damage
C
In which of the following patients should you remove an impaled object? A. A conscious and alert patient with a fishhook impaled in the eye B. A semiconscious patient with an ice pick impaled in the chest C. A pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back D. An apneic patient with a shard of glass impaled in the abdomen
C
Significant trauma to the face should increase the EMT's index of suspicion for a(n): A. displaced mandible. B. basilar skull fracture. C. spinal column injury. D. airway obstruction.
C
The inner surface of the eyelids and the exposed surface of the eye itself are covered by a delicate membrane called the: A. cornea. B. retina. C. conjunctiva. D. sclera.
C
The lower jawbone is called the: A. zygoma. B. maxillae. C. mandible. D. mastoid.
C
The mastoid process is located approximately A. 1 inch posterior to the angle of the mandible. B. ½ inch anterior to the external opening of the ear. C. 1 inch posterior to the external opening of the ear. D. 1 inch inferior to the external opening of the ear.
C
The opening in the center of the iris, which allows light to move to the back of the eye, is called the A. conjunctiva. B. sclera. C. pupil. D. cornea.
C
The skin and underlying tissues of the face A. are well protected by the maxillae and mandible. B. swell minimally when exposed to blunt trauma. C. have a rich blood supply and bleed profusely. D. contain a relatively small number of nerve fibers.
C
When a person is exposed to a cold environment: A. the skin becomes flushed secondary to peripheral vasodilation. B. blood vessels dilate and divert blood to the core of the body. C. peripheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin. D. sweat is produced and is warmed when the vessels constrict.
C
When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should: A. deactivate the chemical with a 5% vinegar solution. B. quickly irrigate the arm with large amounts of water. C. brush away the chemical before flushing with water. D. use forceful streams of water to remove the chemical.
C
When treating a partial-thickness burn, you should: A. rupture any blisters to prevent an infection. B. cover the burn with a moist, sterile dressing. C. avoid the use of creams, lotions, or antiseptics. D. immerse the affected part in warm water.
C
Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is correct? A. A child's head is equal to 14% of his or her total body surface area. B. The posterior of a child's leg is equal to 13.5% of the body surface area. C. The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the body surface area. D. The anterior arm in the adult is equal to 9% of the total body surface area.
C
Which of the following statements regarding the vitreous humor is correct? A. It is a clear, watery fluid that cannot be replaced if it is lost during an eye injury. B. It is a clear, watery fluid that is located in front of the lens and can be replaced if it is lost. C. It is a clear, jellylike fluid near the back of the eye that cannot be replaced if it is lost. D. It is a clear fluid that is produced by the lacrimal glands and cannot be replaced if it is lost
C
Which of the following would be the least likely cause of an altered level of consciousness in a patient with a burn? A. Hypoperfusion B. Hypoglycemia C. Hypertension D. Head injury
C
A 22-year-old male was walking on the beach and had sand blown into his eyes. He complains of pain and decreased vision to his right eye. Treatment should include: A. flushing his eye starting laterally. B. irrigating both eyes simultaneously. C. covering both eyes and transporting. D. irrigating his right eye laterally
D
A 30-year-old female presents with redness, inflammation, and pain to her left eye. During your assessment, you note that she is having difficulty keeping her eyes open. You should suspect that she is experiencing: A. a detached retina. B. acute retinitis. C. a corneal abrasion. D. conjunctivitis.
D
A 6-year-old female was riding her bicycle and struck a clothesline with her throat. She is breathing but with obvious difficulty. Your assessment reveals a crackling sensation in the soft tissues of her neck and facial cyanosis. In addition to the appropriate airway management, the intervention that will most likely improve her chance of survival is: A. carefully monitoring her vital signs. B. quickly immobilizing her spinal column. C. requesting a paramedic ambulance. D. rapidly transporting her to the hospital.
D
A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a: A. full-thickness burn. B. partial-thickness burn. C. second-degree burn. D. superficial burn
D
A hematoma develops when: A. cells and small vessels in the dermis are damaged. B. small amounts of blood leak into the epidermis. C. severe swelling compromises arterial circulation. D. large blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged.
D
All of the following body structures are lined with mucous membranes, except for the: A. anus. B. nose. C. mouth. D. lips.
D
Common signs and symptoms of an airway burn include all of the following, except: A. hoarseness. B. singed nasal hair. C. soot around the mouth. D. chest pressure
D
Following direct trauma to the upper part of the anterior neck, a young male presents with labored breathing, loss of voice, and subcutaneous emphysema in the soft tissues around his neck. You should suspect a(n): A. esophageal tear. B. crushed cricoid. C. collapsed trachea. D. laryngeal fracture
D
Patients with full-thickness (third-degree) burns generally do not complain of pain because A. subcutaneous vessels are usually clotted. B. blister formation protects the burn. C. he or she is generally not conscious. D. the nerve endings have been destroyed.
D
The conjunctiva are kept moist by fluid produced by the A. optic chiasma. B. corneal duct. C. posterior orbit. D. lacrimal gland.
D
The eyeball itself is referred to as the: A. sclera. B. cornea. C. orbit. D. globe
D
The white portion of the eye is called the: A. cornea. B. retina. C. iris. D. sclera
D
Which of the following is a severe burn in a 65-year-old patient A. Second-degree burn covering 10% of the body surface area B. Superficial burn to 30% of the body surface area C. Full-thickness burn to 1% of the body surface area D. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the body surface area
D
Which of the following processes occurs during the inflammation phase of the healing process? A. White blood cells are forced away from the injury site, thus allowing an increase in the flow of red blood cells, resulting in increased blood flow. B. The veins and arteries at the injury site constrict and platelets aggregate, which stops bleeding and causes a temporary increase in the size of the wound. C. The blood vessels in and around the injury site constrict, which forces bacteria and other microorganisms away, thus preventing significant infection. D. The immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling
D
Which of the following statements regarding the dermis is correct? A. The cells of the dermis are worn away and are constantly replaced. B. The dermis produces a substance that provides color to the skin. C. The dermis lies above the germinal layer and provides protection. D. The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings.
D
You are assessing a 59-year-old male and note that his pupils are unequal. He is conscious and alert. When obtaining his medical history, it is most pertinent to ask him if he A. noticed the change during a meal. B. is allergic to any medications. C. regularly sees a family physician. D. has a history of eye surgeries
D
