Chapter 28: Progressivism & the Republican Roosevelt

Charles Evan Hughes

- reformist Republican governor of NY who had gained national fame as an investigator or malpractices by gas and insurance companies and by the coal trust - ran against Wilson in the Election of 1906 for the Republicans & condemned him for not standing up to Germany

Gifford Pinchot

Chief of Forest Service alongside Roosevelt - fired by Taft

17th Amendment

Direct Election of Senators

16th Amendment

Federal Income Tax

Of the following legislation aimed at resource conservation, the only one associated with Roosevelt's presidency was the

Newlands Act.

Teddy Roosevelt weakened himself politically after his election in 1904 when he

announced that he would not be a candidate for a third term as president.

The panic of 1907 stimulated reform in __________ policy.

banking

The idea of "multiple-use resource management" included all of the following practices except

damming of rivers.

The case of Lochner v. New York represented a setback for progressives and labor advocates because the Supreme Court in its ruling

declared a law limiting work to ten hours a day unconstitutional.

President Taft's foreign policy was dubbed

dollar diplomacy.

Political progressivism

emerged in both major parties, in all regions, at all levels of government.

While president, Theodore Roosevelt

greatly increased the power and prestige of the presidency.

According to the text, Teddy Roosevelt's most enduring achievement may have been

his efforts supporting the environment.

The settlement house and women's club movements were crucial centers of female progressive activity because they

introduced many middle-class women to a broader array of urban social problems and civic concerns.

Most muckrakers believed that their primary function in the progressive attack on social ills was to

make the public aware of social problems.

Progressive reformers were mainly men and women from the

middle class.

According to progressives, the cure for all of American democracy's ills was

more democracy.

When Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle, he intended his book to focus attention on the

plight of workers in the stockyards and meat-packing industry.

referendum

proposed laws (bills) must be approved by voters

The real purpose of Teddy Roosevelt's assault on trusts was to

prove that the government, not private business, ruled the country.

The Elkins and Hepburn acts dealt with the subject of

railroad regulation.

Australian Ballot

secret ballots for voter policy

During his presidency, Teddy Roosevelt did all of the following except

tame capitalism.

The political roots of the progressive movement lay in the

the Greenback Labor party and the Populists.

Teddy Roosevelt helped to end the 1902 strike in the anthracite coal mines by

threatening to seize the mines and to operate them with federal troops.

Lincoln Steffens, in his series of articles entitled "The Shame of the Cities,"

unmasked the corrupt alliance between big business and municipal government.

The "real heart" of the progressive movement was the effort by reformers to

use the government as an agency of human welfare.

As president, William Howard Taft

was wedded more to the status quo than to progressive change.

Taft signed the _________________, proclaiming it "the best bill that the Republican party ever passed."

Payne-Aldrich Tariff

18th Amendment

Prohibition

Hiram W. Johnson

Republican Governor of California in 1910 and dynamic prosecutor of grafters who helped break the dominant grip of the Southern Pacific Railroad on California politics and set up a political machine of his own

While president, Theodore Roosevelt chose to label his reform proposals as the

Square Deal.

The Supreme Court's "rule of reason" in antitrust law was handed down in a case involving

Standard Oil.

In Muller v. Oregon, the Supreme Court upheld the principle promoted by progressives like Florence Kelley and Louis Brandeis that

female workers required special rules and protection on the job.

Progressive reform at the level of city government seemed to indicate that the progressives' highest priority was

governmental efficiency.

President Roosevelt believed that the federal government should adopt a policy of ___________ trusts.

regulating

The public outcry after the horrible Triangle Shirtwaist tire led many states to pass

restrictions on female employment in the clothing industry

To regain the power that the people had lost to the "interests," progressives advocated all of the following except

socialism.

The muckrakers signified much about the nature of the progressive reform movement because they

sought not to overthrow capitalism but to cleanse it with democratic controls.

The leading progressive organization advocating prohibition of liquor was

the Women's Christian Temperance Union.

One unusual and significant characteristic of the anthracite coal strike in 1902 was that

the national government did not automatically side with the owners in the dispute.

Female progressives often justified their reformist political activities on the basis of

their being essentially an extension of women's traditional roles as wives and mothers.

The progressive-inspired city-manager system of government

was designed to remove politics from municipal administration.

Teddy Roosevelt believed that trusts

were here to stay with their efficient means of production.

initiative

allows voters to propose legislation

Passage of the Federal Meat Inspection Act was especially facilitated by the publication of

Upton Sinclair's The Jungle.

Teddy Roosevelt decided to run for the presidency in 1912 because

William Howard Taft had seemed to discard Roosevelt's policies.

Robert La Follette

- Wisconsin governor - most militant of the progressive Republican leaders - returned lumbering and railroad "interests" to the people - perfected a scheme for regulating public utilities

Match each early-twentieth-century muckraker below with the target of his or her exposé. A. David G. Phillips 1. The United States Senate B. Ida Tarbell 2. The Standard Oil Company C. Lincoln Steffens 3. City governments D. Ray Stannard Baker 4. The condition of blacks a. A-1. B-2, C-3, D-4 b. A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1 c. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4 d. A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1 e. A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3

A) A-1. B-2, C-3, D-4

Match each late-nineteenth-century social critic below with the target of his criticism. A. Thorstein Veblen 1. "bloated trusts" B. Jack London 2. slum conditions C. Jacob Riis 3. "conspicuous consumption" D. Henry Demarest Lloyd 4. destruction of nature a. A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1 b. A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2 c. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1 d. A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4 e. A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3

C) A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1

Taft did not strip this Speaker of the House of his power (one of the reasons he angered Progressives)

Joe Cannon

Theodore Roosevelt is probably most accurately described as

a middle-of-the-road reformer.

recall

a way for voters to remove elected officials from office

All of the following were prime goals of earnest progressives except

abolishing special workplace protections for women.

Progressivism was

closely tied to the feminist movement and women's causes.

As a part of his reform program, Teddy Roosevelt advocated all of the following except

control of labor.

The progressive movement was instrumental in getting the Seventeenth amendment added to the Constitution, which provided for

direct election of senators.

Which of the following was not among the issues addressed by women in the progressive movement?

ending special regulations governing women in the workplace