Chapter 28 Quiz

Which of the following interventions may be used to help reduce intracranial pressure?

30-degree elevation of the head

Which of the following statements regarding a basilar skull fracture is correct?

Hypoxia and hypotension are the two most common causes of secondary brain injury.

Which of the following statements regarding secondary brain injury is correct?

Hypoxia and hypotension are the two most common causes of secondary brain injury.

Which of the following nerves carry information from the body to the brain via the spinal cord?

Sensory

What part of the nervous system controls the body's voluntary activities?

Somatic

The meninges, along with the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that circulates in between each meningeal layer, function by:

acting as a shock absorber for the brain and spinal cord.

When immobilizing a seated patient with a short backboard or vest-style immobilization device, you should apply a cervical collar:

after assessing distal neurovascular functions.

A short backboard or vest-style immobilization device is indicated for patients who:

are in a sitting position and are clinically stable.

The body's functions that occur without conscious effort are regulated by the _________ nervous system.

autonomic

The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the:

brain and spinal cord.

The five sections of the spinal column, in descending order, are the:

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal.

When assessing a conscious patient with an MOI that suggests spinal injury, you should:

determine if the strength in all extremities is equal.

The tough, fibrous outer meningeal layer is called the:

dura mater.

The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is used to assess:

eye opening, verbal response, and motor response.

When placing a patient onto a long backboard, the EMT at the patient's _________ is in charge of all patient movements.

head

In the setting of a head injury, hypertension, bradycardia, and Biot respirations indicate:

herniation of the brain stem.

A 45-year-old male was working on his roof when he fell approximately 12 feet, landing on his feet. He is conscious and alert and complains of an ache in his lower back. He is breathing adequately and has stable vital signs. You should:

immobilize his spine and perform a focused secondary exam.

When a patient experiences a severe spinal injury, he or she:

may lose sensation below the level of the injury.

When activated, the sympathetic nervous system produces all of the following effects, EXCEPT:

pupillary constriction.

During your primary assessment of a 19-year-old unconscious male who experienced severe head trauma, you note that his respirations are rapid, irregular, and shallow. He has bloody secretions draining from his mouth and nose. You should:

suction his oropharynx for up to 15 seconds.

The ideal procedure for moving an injured patient from the ground to a backboard is:

the four-person log roll.

When the parasympathetic nervous system is activated:

the heart rate decreases and the blood vessels dilate.

If you do not have the appropriate-size cervical collar, you should:

use rolled towels to immobilize the patient's head.

A female patient with a suspected head injury has slow, shallow breathing. The MOST appropriate treatment for her includes:

ventilation assistance to maintain an ETCO 2 of 30 to 35 mm Hg.