Chapter 29 Section 5

Marshall Plan

A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952)

Cold War

A conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union. The nations never directly confronted eachother on the battlefield but deadly threats went on for years.

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

An international organization created in 1949 by the North Atlantic Treaty for purposes of collective security

United Nations (UN)

International organization founded in 1945 to promote world peace and cooperation. It replaced the League of Nations.

Compare and contrast the United Nations and League of Nations?

League of Nations was a International organization founded in 1919 to promote world peace and cooperation but greatly weakened by the refusal of the United States to join. It proved ineffectual in stopping aggression by Italy, Japan, and Germany in the 1930s. The United Nations was also an International organization founded in 1945 to promote world peace and cooperation. It replaced the League of Nations.

Truman Doctrine

President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology

What post-war issues caused the Western Allies and the Soviet Union to disagree?

Stalin wanted to spread communism into Eastern Europe and to create a buffer zone of friendly countries as a defense against Germany. When Stalin began to threaten Greece and Turkey, the U.S. put the Truman Doctrine in place, which meant the U.S. would resist communism throughout the world.

Nuremburg

The place at which the trials against the Nazis were held after the war to determine thier punishments for the war crimes that they had committed

Why did the allies hold war crime trials for Axis leaders?

To hold the Axis leaders accountable for their wartime actions.

Warsaw Pact

Treaty signed in 1945 that formed an alliance of the Eastern European countries behind the Iron Curtain; USSR, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania

What policy did the United States establish with the Truman Doctrine?

Truman Doctrine policy meant the U.S. would resist communism throughout the world.