Chapter 29
A patient has expressed frustration at the fact that he has been taking Sudafed for several days and "it still hasn't really cured my cold." What teaching point should the nurse convey to the patient? A) "Drugs like this can often relieve some of the symptoms of a cold, but they won't cure it." B) "Most people find that cold medications are essentially ineffective." C) "It usually takes between 6 and 8 days for Sudafed to cure your cold." D) "Sudafed can sometimes mask the effects of your cold, essentially prolonging it."
A
A patient has hypertension and wants to take a nasal decongestant for cold symptoms. Which of the following statements by the nurse best describes the effect of decongestants on blood pressure? A) "The administration of a nasal decongestant will increase blood pressure due to vasoconstriction of blood vessels." B) "The administration of a nasal decongestant will cause bradycardia and increase peripheral blood pressure." C) "The administration of a nasal decongestant will decrease the thyroid production and increase blood pressure." D) "The administration of nasal decongestant will act on the central nervous system to cause vasodilation of blood vessels."
A
A patient is being administered epinephrine for the treatment of anaphylaxis. This patient is experiencing what type of hypersensitivity reaction? A) Type I B) Type II C) Type III D) Type IV
A
An elderly patient is given diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for allergic response to mold. The nurse should consequently assess the patient for A) anticholinergic effects. B) dysrhythmias. C) increased muscle tone. D) respiratory depression.
A
A patient has purchased an OTC cold remedy that advertises a "nondrowsy" formulation. The nurse should recognize that this produce likely contains which of the following? A) A nasal decongestant but not an antihistamine B) An expectorant, a mucolytic, and a benzodiazepine C) An expectorant but not a decongestant D) A narcotic analgesic and a decongestant
A nasal decongestant but not an antihistamine
A 3-year-old child is seen in the pediatric office for a dry, hacking cough. The mother is requesting a prescription for dextromethorphan. In providing patient education, which of the following provides the most effective teaching regarding the use of dextromethorphan in children? A) Dextromethorphan suppresses cough in children. B) Dextromethorphan is ineffective in children. C) Dextromethorphan must be combined with codeine. D) Dextromethorphan raises blood pressure in children. Ans:
B
A community health nurse is cautious when recommending the use of OTC cold remedies to patients. The use of pseudoephedrine would most likely be contraindicated in which of the following patients? A) A woman who is breast-feeding B) A man with a history of angina and hypertension C) A man who has diagnoses of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes D) A woman who has myasthenia gravis
B
A patient is admitted to the emergency room after consuming 50 acetaminophen tablets in a suicide attempt. What medication will be administered to counteract the effect of the acetaminophen? A) Oxymetazoline hydrochloride (Afrin) B) Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) C) Daptomycin (Cubicin) D) Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp)
B
A patient is taking a nasal decongestant. Which of the following medications may dangerously increase the effects of nasal decongestants? A) Anti-infective agents B) Anti-inflammatory agents C) Proton pump inhibitors D) Thyroid preparations
B
A critically ill patient with a diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia has been administered acetylcysteine by inhalation. The critical care nurse knows that this medication helps to liquefy secretions in the respiratory tract by A) increasing the osmolality of mucus. B) decreasing the osmolality of mucus C) breaking the protein bonds that exist in mucus. D) drawing increased amounts of water from interstitial spaces into mucus.
C
A patient is instructed to take diphenhydramine (Benadryl) after an allergic reaction. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates successful teaching concerning the safe and effective use of diphenhydramine? A) "I will still be able to have my after-dinner drink with this medication." B) "I will eat a diet low in sodium while taking this medication." C) "I should not drive my car after taking this medication." D) "I can take this medication every 2 hours until I feel better."
C
A 55-year-old male patient has been living with type 1 diabetes for many years and has begun to experience diabetic nephropathy over the past year. How will this patient's current health status influence the possible use of pseudoephedrine in the treatment of cold symptoms? A) The patient should monitor his blood glucose levels more frequently when taking pseudoephedrine. B) The use of pseudoephedrine is absolutely contraindicated by the fact that the patient has diabetes and takes insulin. C) The patient may require a higher-than-average dose of pseudoephedrine because of excess fluid volume secondary to renal failure. D) The patient should use caution and will likely require a lower dose of pseudoephedrine because of his impaired renal function.
D
A nurse has taught an adult patient about the fact that guaifenesin is not necessarily an effective way of liquefying secretions. To help liquefy the patient's secretions, the nurse should encourage which of the following measures? A) Reducing salt intake B) Deep breathing and exercises C) Gargling with normal saline D) Increasing fluid intake
D
A patient has asked the nurse if it would be appropriate to use dextromethorphan to treat her cough. What type of cough is best suited to treatment with dextromethorphan? A) An occasional, productive cough B) A cough that is nearly continuous and that is accompanied by copious secretions C) A cough that occurs when the patient is exposed to airborne irritants D) A dry, nonproductive cough Ans: D
D
mediator released in immune and inflammatory response to the bee sting? A) Norepinephrine B) Mast cells C) Epinephrine D) Histamine
D