CHAPTER 3 BIO 1 NOTES
How many levels of protein structures exist?
4.
A nucleotide is constituted of:
A five-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate tail.
Which of the following are lipids? Sterols, triglyceride, oils, waxes.
All of the above.
Which of the following is a monomer of protein?
Amino acid.
Glycogen is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by:
Animals.
The formation of large polymers from smaller repeating units is known as what kind of reaction?
Condensation.
Which of the following is composed of a 1:2:1 ratio of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?
Carbohydrate.
Which substance is used for quick energy by cells?
Carbohydrates.
Molecules of life are also called organic molecules because they are constituted of ____ and ____ atoms.
Carbon, hydrogen.
Secondary protein structure is dependent on:
Coiling or folding of the polypeptide
Which of the following sugars is found in DNA and NOT in RNA?
Deoxyribose.
Match the molecule with its component parts. Fat, nucleic acids, protein, glycogen.
Fat: Fatty Acids. Nucleic Acids: Nucleotides. Protein: Amino Acids. Glycogen: Glucoses.
Sucrose is composed of a molecule of ____ and a molecule of ____.
Fructose, glucose.
Which parameters could affect the shape of a protein?
Heat, pH, and detergents.
The three most common atoms in your body are:
Hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon.
Hydroxyl Group: composed of a ____ bonded to an _____.
Hydrogen, oxygen.
Unsaturated fatty acids have fewer ____ than saturated fatty acids.
Hydrogens.
The breakdown of large molecules by the enzymatic addition of water is an example of what kind of reaction?
Hydrolysis.
Nucleotides contain ____.
Lipids.
Oils are ____ at room temperature and ____ fats.
Liquid, unsaturated.
What are the properties that favor trans fat over other types of fats?
Long shelf-life, cheaper than butter, mild flavor.
Fats are major components of the cell ____.
Membranes.
A larger biological molecule is composed of smaller units called:
Monomers.
Which of the following could be used to describe a monomer of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharide.
Is starch a monosaccharide?
No.
Nucleotides are monomers of:
Nucleic acids.
What is the monomer of the polymer DNA?
Nucleotides.
A triglyceride molecule is made up of:
One glycerol and three fatty acids.
What kind of bond exists between two amino acids in a protein?
Peptide.
Cell membranes are characterized by the presence of:
Phospholipids.
Cellulose is found in ____.
Plants.
The shape of the protein hemoglobin is caused by the ____ structure.
Quarternay.
Glucose and fructose are ____ forms, ____ different, ____, and simple ____.
Ring, structurally, monosaccharides, sugars.
Plants store their excess carbohydrates in the form of:
Starch.
Deoxyribonucleic acid ____ and ____ heritable information in all cells.
Stores, retrieves.
Proteins may function as: (4)
Structural units in the cell membrane, hormones, enzymes, transport molecules.
Amino acids can be distinguished from one another by:
The chemical properties of the R group.
Most proteins produced by the cell are functional in:
Their tertiary structure.