Chapter 3 BIO HW

What is the arrow pointing to? hydrogen ion hydroxide ion water molecule electron hydronium ion

hydrogen ion

In a neutral solution the concentration of _____. water molecules is less than the concentration of hydrogen ions hydrogen ions is greater than the concentration of hydroxide ions water molecules is less than the concentration of hydroxide ions hydrogen ions is less than the concentration of hydroxide ions hydrogen ions is equal to the concentration of hydroxide ions

hydrogen ions is equal to the concentration of hydroxide ions

Dilution of a buffer solution with a small amount of water will ________ the pH of the solution. raise not bring major change in lower immediately raise then lower

not bring major change in

About _____ molecules in a glass of water are dissociated. 1 in 1,000,000,000 1 in 1,000,000 1 in 2 1 in 500,000,000 1 in 5,000,000

1 in 500,000,000

What is the charge on a hydronium ion? 2- 1- 0 1+ 2+

1+

What is the charge on a hydroxide ion? 2+ 1- 0 1+ 2-

1-

How did this molecule form? A water molecule gained an hydrogen ion from another water molecule. A water molecule split in half. Evaporation. Two water molecules bonded. A hydrogen molecule bonded with an OH- molecule.

A water molecule gained an hydrogen ion from another water molecule.

Which of these is the correct equation for the dissociation of water? H2O + H2O+<==> H2O + OH- H+<==> H2O + H2O+ H2O + H2O <==> H3O+ + OH- H2O + OH-<==> H2O+ H2O <==> H+ + OH-

H2O + H2O <==> H3O+ + OH-

Why isn't this insect drowning? Surface tension. The insect is very light. The insect is flying just above the water surface. The insect is swimming. It is difficult to change the temperature of water.

Surface tension.

How does the pH of the solution on the right compare with that of the solution on the left? The solution on the right is neutral relative to the solution on the left. The solution on the right is basic relative to the solution on the left. The solution on the right is acidic relative to the solution on the left. Both of these solutions are equally basic. Both of these solutions are equally acidic.

The solution on the right is basic relative to the solution on the left.

What do climate change and ocean acidification have in common? They are caused by an increasing water level. They are caused by increasing temperature of the atmosphere. They are caused by decreasing pH levels in the ocean. They are caused by increasing levels of CO2 in the atmosphere.

They are caused by increasing levels of CO2 in the atmosphere.

The table shown here lists the specific heat of several substances. Water has a high specific heat due to the hydrogen bonding between water molecules. Ethyl alcohol likely exhibits more hydrogen bonding than water. Sulfuric acid is less resistant to temperature change than water. More heat is required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 ∘C∘C than to raise the temperature of 1 g of ethyl alcohol 1 ∘C∘C. More heat is required to raise the temperature of 1 g of benzene 1 ∘C∘C than to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 ∘C∘C. Benzene is more resistant to temperature change than sulfuric acid. Water is less resistant to temperature change than ethyl alcohol.

Water has a high specific heat due to the hydrogen bonding between water molecules. Sulfuric acid is less resistant to temperature change than water. More heat is required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 ∘C∘C than to raise the temperature of 1 g of ethyl alcohol 1 ∘C∘C. Benzene is more resistant to temperature change than sulfuric acid.

Classify each statement as an example of adhesion, cohesion, or surface tension. adhesion. cohesion. surface tension A sewing needle floats when itis placed gently on top of water in a bucket. A water strider runs across a pond without breaking the surface. Water molecules cling to the side of a beaker. Water molecules are attracted to each other. A drop of water spilled on a table forms a drop on the table, rather than spreading out over the surface. Water molecules cling to plant cell walls.

adhesion Water molecules cling tothe side of a beaker. Water molecules clingto plant cell walls. cohesion Water molecules areattracted to each other. A drop of water spilled on a tableforms a drop on the table, ratherthan spreading out over the surface. surface tension A sewing needle floats when itis placed gently on top ofwater in a bucket. A water strider runs across a pondwithout breaking the surface.

Which property of water allows a paper towel to pick up a puddle of water? water's high surface tension adhesion of water molecules to other kinds of molecules water's high heat of vaporization

adhesion of water molecules to other kinds of molecules

The tendency of an atom to pull electrons toward itself is referred to as its _____. tonicity ionic potential electronegativity covalency polarity

electronegativity

What process exerts the pull on water molecules that is relayed from leaf to root via cohesion? evaporation gravity precipitation antigravity

evaporation

A water molecule can bond to up to _____ other water molecules by ____ bonds. four ... hydrogen two ... polar covalent two ... hydrogen three ... ionic four ... polar covalent

four ... hydrogen

What name is given to this molecule? water methane glucose hydroxide ion hydronium ion

hydronium ion

What is the arrow pointing to? hydronium ion proton water hydrogen ion hydroxide ion

hydroxide ion

What name is given to this molecule? water hydroxide ion glucose hydronium ion DNA

hydroxide ion

The amount of energy that must be absorbed or lost to raise or lower the temperature of 1gram of liquid water by 1°C __________. is 1,000 joules is 1,000 kilocalories is 1 kilocalorie depends on the initial temperature of the water sample is 1,000 calories is 1 calorie

is 1 calorie

The unequal sharing of electrons within a water molecule makes the water molecule _____. polar ionic change easily from a liquid to gaseous form hydrophobic have a low surface tension

polar

In this molecule, what type of bond is found between the oxygen and hydrogens? nonpolar covalent hydrophilic hydrophobic ionic polar covalent

polar covalent

Consider two solutions: solution X has a pH of 4; solution Y has a pH of 7. From this information, we can reasonably conclude that ________. the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is 3 times as great as the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y is 1000 times as great as the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X solution Y has no free hydrogen ions (H+) the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is 1000 times as great as the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y

the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is 1000 times as great as the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y

Which property of water allows dogs to cool themselves by panting? water's high heat of vaporization water's high surface tension the formation of covalent bonds between water molecules

water's high heat of vaporization