Chapter 3: Emotional Intelligence

Emotional Intelligence Theory (Goleman)

"the ability to identify, assess, and control one's own emotions, the emotions of others, and that of groups"

Aspects of perceiving and understanding self-awareness

- Being able to know how you feel. - Being able to understand the emotions that are driving your behavior, thinking, or memory. - Being aware of the emotions behind what you are saying and how you are relating to and communicating with people. - Understanding what triggers emotions in you including; bias, prejudice and intolerances. - Understanding the reasons behind some of your emotions. Some emotions arise because of our history and not always because of our immediate situation.

6 competencies of self-management

- Emotional Self-Control - Transparency - Adaptability - Achievement - Initiative - Optimism

5 Ways to reset your empathy

1) Be authentic. Seek a better understanding of who you are. Develop self-awareness by exploring your identity, background, principles and life experiences. 2) Self-manage. What is your natural response when presented with difference or conflict? Do you fight, flee or freeze up? Take note of your default response. Develop an "in the moment" strategy to practice self-control like taking a deep breath, going for a run or just assuming a power pose. 3) Practice active listening. When interacting with others, watch verbal and non-verbal cues. Make sure you turn your inner voice off for a moment and focus entirely on the other person. 4) Get curious. Ask open-ended questions that start with "what" or "how." What experiences shaped the other person's life? Where do they get their information? What's most important to them? Your only mission is to understand. 5) Respect, connect. By being more open and more respectful of one another, we can improve communications and better connect, resulting in enhanced communications and productivity

Approaches to keep diverse and inclusive workplace relationships healthy and thriving

1) Continuously build trust - Be consistent in your words and actions 2) Tackle tough conversations - Look for agreement or common ground - Make sure people feel "heard" - Remain open and non-defensive 3) Be open and curious - Share information about yourself - Show genuine interest and curiosity in others 4) Always work on your communication style - Pay attention to times where your style has created confusion or troubled reactions 5) Don't avoid the inevitable - Face reality - Use empathy and common purpose 6) Align your intention with your impact - Think before you speak or act - Make careful observations (University of Florida Training and Organizational Development, n.d.).

Goleman's 4 Emotional Intelligence competencies

1) Self-awareness 2) Self-management 3) Social awareness 4) Relationship management

4 Branch Model of Emotional Intelligence

Based on Salovey and Mayer Consist of four branches: 1) Emotional Perception and Expression 2) Emotional Facilitation of Thought (using Emotional Intelligence) 3) Emotional Understanding 4) Emotional Management

Social awareness

Being aware of others, their feelings, moods and motivations The ability to take the perspective of and empathize with others, including those from diverse backgrounds and cultures. Empathy is a major component; it is key to embracing diversity and inclusion

Relationship management

Facilitating cooperation and team work Especially important when it comes to fostering diversity and inclusion in the workplace.

Adaptability

Flexibility in handling change

Self-awareness

It entails knowing what one is feeling at any given time and understanding the impact those moods have on others It is the process in which individuals understand themselves, including their strengths and weaknesses, and the impact they have on others It means having a deep understanding of one's emotions, as well as strengths and limitations and one's values and motives Processing it includes "reflecting on your core values, identity, emotions, motives, and goals while coming to grip with who you really are at the deepest level"

Emotional Understanding

It involves recognizing the relationship between words and emotions themselves, and the causes of emotion; interpreting the meaning that emotions convey regarding relationships; understanding complex feelings; and recognizing transitions among emotions such as the transition from anger to satisfaction, or from anger to shame This third branch "concerns the ability to understand emotions and to utilize emotional knowledge"

Emotional Facilitation of Thought

It involves using emotions to harness and facilitate various cognitive activities, such as thinking and problem solving. Emotions prioritize thinking.

Emotional self-control

Keeping disruptive emotions and impulses in check

Transparency

Maintaining integrity

Self-management

Managing ones' internal states, impulses, and resource

Emotional Intelligence (EI)

Per Peter Salovey and John Mayer (1990) 1) The ability to perceive accurately, appraise, and express emotions 2) The ability to access and generate feelings when they facilitate thought 3) The ability to understand emotion and emotional knowledge 4) The ability to regulate emotions to promote emotional and intellectual growth Involves registering, attending to, and deciphering emotional messages as they are expressed in facial expressions, voice tone, or cultural artifacts.

Optimism

Persistence in pursuing goals despite obstacles and setbacks

Initiative

Readiness to act on opportunitities

Emotional Perception and Expression

Relate to the ability to identify emotions in one's physical and psychological states; the ability to identify emotion in others; the ability to express emotions accurately and to express needs related to them; and finally, the ability to discriminate between accurate/honest and inaccurate/dishonest, feelings According to Salovey, Brackett and Mayer (2007), without these competencies in the first branch, achieving emotional intelligence is impossible.

Supporting

Showing consideration, acceptance, and concern for the needs and feelings of other people

Achievement

Striving to improve or meet a standard of excellence

Emotional Management

The ability to effectively regulate emotions The ability to manage emotions is the most advanced skill of EI. It involves staying open to feelings, both pleasant and unpleasant, and "represents an interface of many factors including, emotional, and cognitive factors that must be recognized and balanced in order to manage and cope with feelings successfully"

Social Intelligence

The ability to get along well with others, and to get them to cooperate with you aka People skills

Intelligence

The ability to learn and retain knowledge, recognize problems and put knowledge to use Solving problems, taking the information on has learned and applying it to find solutions to problems they encounter in the world around them

Empathy

The ability to perceive the feelings of other people and how they see the world It is our social radar, requiring the ability to read another's emotions. At a higher level, it entails sensing and responding to a person's unspoken concerns or feelings. At the highest levels, it is understanding the issues or concerns that lie behind another's feelings."