Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities

The nurse's community outreach class is giving a presentation on seat belts and child safety seats at the local firehouse every weekend in October. Which level of health promotion is this an example of?

Primary

Which needs are being met when a nurse recommends a senior citizen community center for an older client who is living alone?

Sociocultural needs

The nurse is planning care for several clients in an outpatient clinic. Which client requires follow-up care due to a chronic condition?

A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is wheezing and coughing

What is the definition of wellness?

An active state of being healthy

Which nursing activity reflects care given on the tertiary level of healthcare delivery?

Assisting with transplant surgery

An older adult client has been recently diagnosed with vascular dementia. Because the client lives alone and has poorly controlled hypertension, the client has begun to receive home healthcare. This new aspect of the client's care is characteristic of which stage of illness?

Assuming a dependent role

Why are health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses?

Chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world.

A client has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, with a random blood glucose reading of 575 mg/dL (31.91 mmol/L), vomiting, and shortness of breath. This client has experienced which phenomenon?

Exacerbation

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse explains to the client that COPD is a chronic disease. Why is COPD considered a chronic disease?

It has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time.

A nurse is performing health promotion activities for clients at a local health care clinic. Which nursing actions exemplify the focus of secondary preventive care? Select all that apply.

Scheduling a mammogram for a client Referring a client to family counseling Screening clients for hypertension

The client is admitted with a gastrointestinal bleed. The health care provider ordered a colonoscopy. Which level of care encompasses this procedure?

Secondary

The nurse is holding a cholesterol screening at a local pharmacy this Saturday morning. What level(s) of health promotion is this screening an example of?

Secondary

A client has a Staphylococcus infection in a decubitus ulcer. In this case, Staphylococcus is the:

agent.

Which are factors that impact how a client defines health? Select all that apply.

Family Culture Community Society

When caring for a client who has just been diagnosed with a chronic illness, the nurse understands the importance of promoting health by highlighting which concept?

Focus on what is possible.

What is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity?

Health

A client comes to the health center for a routine visit. During the visit, the client tells the nurse, "I'm motivated to do things now to make sure I'm the healthiest I can be." When planning this client's care, the nurse should focus on which area?

Health Promotion

When providing care to a client, the nurse integrates knowledge that a client's beliefs and actions are related and influenced by the client's personal expectations in relation to health and illness. The nurse is demonstrating an understanding of which health model?

Health belief model

Which is the most accurate definition of health?

Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.

Which definition of health is the best?

Health is a state of complete well-being.

The nurse is working in an acute care setting and performs primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Which activity performed by the nurse is classified as tertiary prevention?

Instructing a client on how to use crutches

The nurse is giving a talk to a local community group on the harms of smoking. The nurse tells the group that a risk factor is something that increases a person's chances for illness or injury. What type of risk factor is smoking?

Modifiable

The nurse is preparing to talk to a local community group regarding chronic illness. The nurse informs the group that both external and internal factors influence a person's health. When discussing the fact that the male client has a higher chance of developing lung cancer due to his gender, which dimension is the nurse referring to?

Physical dimension

A nurse is immunizing children against measles. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

Primary

Which is an example of tertiary health promotion?

Rehabilitation

Which are characteristics of chronic conditions? (Select all that apply.)

Require lifelong management Have a prolonged course Are rarely curable

A client has been admitted to the hospital for treatment of pancreatitis secondary to alcoholism. The client states that it is nearly impossible to quit drinking because of the deep entrenchment of alcohol use in the client's circle of friends and line of work. As well, the client claims to have thought that drinking only beer and foregoing hard alcohol would prevent health problems. This client is exhibiting health consequences rooted in which human dimensions?

Sociocultural and intellectual

A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD, a chronic illness of the lungs. The client is in remission. Which statement best describes a period of remission in a client with a chronic illness?

Symptoms are not experienced

A nurse is assessing a client for potential variables that influence the client's health. When assessing the client's self-concept, which area should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

The client's feelings about self as a person The client's view of self physically

When providing holistic care to a client, the nurse recognizes that which behaviors are necessary? Select all that apply.

Understand and respect each person's definition of health. Understand and respect each person's responses to illness.

A nurse is planning a health fair in the community to highlight promotion and prevention of the leading cause of death in the United States. Which disease process should the nurse address?

coronary artery disease

An older adult client who has been hospitalized due to a stroke is about to be discharged from a rehabilitation center where the client had to relearn how to perform activities of daily living, including feeding and dressing. The client has often voiced a desire to be as active as possible. The client now expresses a strong desire to go home. The nurse recognizes that these statements made by the client indicate that the client is:

giving up the dependent role.

A community health nurse arranges for a dentist to teach local children in the school district how to properly brush their teeth. Which goal will the nurse set for this event?

health promotion

A community health nurse in a rural area is concerned that the community needs better health care promotion after reading the statistics published by the state health department. Which factor should the nurse find alarming in the report?

increased use of emergency departments for nonemergency issues

While providing client care, a nurse determines that a client adheres to the health belief model. What would the nurse need to assess as a factor possibly affecting the client's response to illness?

personality characteristics

A nurse is providing care for client who experienced a stroke. Which nursing intervention reflects the tertiary level of prevention?

provide care transition at discharge for speech therapy

What have the models of health promotion and illness prevention been used for?

To help health care providers understand health-related behaviors.

The nurse in a free clinic caring for clients uses the Health Belief Model, which is based on three components. What is the main focus for this model?

What people believe to be true about their health

Which nursing intervention is an example of tertiary preventive care?

Assisting with speech therapy a client with a traumatic brain injury

The nurse should identify the need for further teaching when the client with diabetes who is taking daily insulin and follows a strict diet makes which statement?

"I cannot possibly ever be considered as healthy."

The nurse is caring for a very active, athletic adolescent recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. The client appears to be withdrawn and depressed when the nurse asks how the client is doing today. Using the health belief model, what step(s) will the nurse take to create a plan of care for this client? Select all that apply.

1. Assure the client that there is nothing to be worried about because many people are diagnosed with this disease, and alert the family to the possibility of depression. 2. Conduct an in-depth interview of the client's previous health issues, how the client reacted to the illness, and what support system the client has.

The nurse instructor has completed a session detailing major factors differentiating exacerbations from remissions. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students point out which factor(s) can contribute to exacerbations? Select all that apply.

1. immune system is functioning poorly 2. sleep has been disrupted due to family issues 3. client is facing a potential eviction

Consultation and diagnostic tests are included in which level of health care?

Secondary care

What are some examples of healthy self-care behaviors everyone should adopt? Select all that apply.

Sleeping 7-8 hours each night Eating regular healthy meals Maintaining an ideal body weight

When admitting an adolescent to the hospital, the nurse anticipates that the client will respond to questions about the client's health beliefs based primarily on the client's:

age and developmental stage.

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of heart failure. This admission is the client's third admission within 90 days. The nurse educates the client with the goal of preventing readmission. Which nursing activity for this client would represent tertiary level prevention?

Teaching about adhering to a low-sodium diet

The recognition of health as an ongoing process toward a person's highest potential of functioning is defined as:

high-level wellness.