Chapter 3 InQuizitive Assignment: Culture and Society

Place the events for the origins of hip-hop music in chronological order.

-Jamaican DJs developed a tradition of chanting stories, accompanied by recorded music. -In the Bronx, New York, DJ Kool Herc developed an early version of rapping. -Groups from Queens and Long Island brought the new style of music to a wider audience. -Gangsta rap became an established musical culture in major U.S. cities. -Hip-hop was recognized as a global form of music.

Identify the items that are among the forces contributing to a globalization of culture.

-the emergence of a class of "global citizens" -the proliferation of international organizations, such as the United Nations

identify whether or not each question would be addressed by sociologists.

Addressed -How can we understand variations among human cultures? -What types of human society have existed, from past to present? -How does individual development connect with culture? Not Addressed What coping strategies are best for individuals in stressful situations?

Identify whether or not each challenge is one that China has faced in its efforts to become a major player in the global market for consumer electronics and other tech sector products.

Challenge(s) -a culture that does not value unconventional thinking -inflexible college admission policies based solely on test results Not Challenge(s) -lack of government funding for innovative research -poor-quality, pre-university education -a culture that does not value hard work

Identify the characteristics of traditional civilizations.

Characteristic(s) -Art and science flourished in these societies. -They were expansionist empires. -At least part of the population was concentrated in cities. Not Characteristic(s) -Their economy of food production was predominantly pastoral.

Identify the locations that still have hunting and gathering societies.

Correct Answer(s) -Australia -India

Identify whether or not each item is an effect of social media sites such as Facebook, according to social science research.

Effect(s) -Among young adults, use of social media leads to a slightly less sense of well-being in comparison to those who reported increased direct contact with friends. -In the United States, people who use social media have slightly more close friendships than people who don't. Not Effect(s) -Among Chinese youth, the use of social media leads to lowered self-esteem. -Women typically get a small boost in self-esteem from using social media.

For a group of people with distinctive values and behaviors to be considered a subculture, it must reject most of the norms and values of the dominant culture.

False

Identify whether or not each item is a major role that Apple Corporation plays in China's economy.

Major Role(s) -Its factories in China are a major source of jobs. -It sells a lot of products in China. Not Major Role(s) -It competes with Chinese technology companies selling similar products. -It has brought about major changes in China's workplace culture.

Identify whether or not each reason is one given by Ann Swidler to describe why culture is a "tool kit."

Reason(s) Given -People select different understandings and behaviors from a number of possibilities. -People draw on "scripts" for understanding society and acting in it. Not Reason(s) Given -People must carefully pack up their own culture and set it aside when interacting with other cultures. -Like the use of tools, culture must be taught and learned.

What is the main factor in deciding which university a Chinese student will attend?

a grueling two- or three-day examination

What was probably the earliest regular use of written language?

creating lists by making marks on wood, clay, or stone for recordkeeping

Identify whether or not each characteristic was historically common in hunting and gathering societies.

Common Characteristic(s) -extreme poverty by modern standards -highly developed religious rituals Not Common Characteristic(s) -stable membership within social groups -relatively high levels of social inequality

Identify the ways in which nation-states differ from earlier state-like societies.

-Nation-states have well defined national borders. -Nation-states have national cultures.

Colonialism may involve either large-scale immigration and settlement by the colonizing population or only a small-scale influx of administrators who govern the native population for the benefit of the colonizing power.Historically, what has been the relation between the type of colonialism and the eventual industrialization of the colonized nation?

Correct choiceColonization by large-scale settlement leads to greater industrialization.

Place each sociology research question in the relevant Contemporary Application box.

Cultural Appropriate -How do members of the Cherokee Nation respond to stereotypical portrayals of Native Americans in public school textbooks? Subcultures -What specialized vocabulary is used by computer hackers? Counterculture -Why did lesbian and gay protest movements emerge in cities and not in rural areas? Assimilation -On average, how many years does it take for migrants to adopt the label of "American" as a self-description? Multiculturalism -Which features of corporate training programs most effectively increase respect for cultural diversity?

Identify whether or not each item represents a cultural universal.

Cultural Universal(s) -the institution of marriage -religious rituals -the practice of gift-giving Not Cultural Universal(s) -written language

Identify whether or not each behavior is one that an evolutionary biologist like Edward O. Wilson would most likely say is genetically programmed.

Genetically Programmed -a mother's attachment to her children -an infant's "rooting" to find the mother's breast nipple -a tendency in men toward sexual promiscuity -the widespread pattern of men having more power than women Not Genetically Programmed a slender physique as part of the ideal of female beauty

Match each culture with the correct meaning it attaches to the cultural symbol of "dog."

scavenger, useful as guard animalGuatemalan Indian Correct label: Guatemalan Indian source of meat Correct label: Akha (northern Thailand) household pet, treated fondlyAmerican Correct label: American

Identify the true and false statements about Internet use in Saudi Arabia.

True Statement(s) -Authorities use the Internet to disseminate official propaganda. -Saudi women are allowed to use the Internet to discuss women's health issues. False Statement(s) -The Internet provides a forum for debates about the merits of traditional religious beliefs. -Anti-government protesters use the Internet to coordinate their activities.