Chapter 3 Review
solids that have their atoms randomly arranges are said to be ()
amorphous
an () is the smallest particle of an element that can exist
atom
the number of elements known today is
118
the crystal calcite has two indices of refraction. The difference between these two values is known as ()
birefringence
a () is the smallest unit of a compound formed by the union of two or more atoms.
chemical bond
substances composed of two or more elements are called:
compound
mass per unit volume defines the property of
density
the basic building blocks of all substances are the
elements
true or false: frequency and wavelength are directly proportional to one another.
false
comparing the relative densities of glass fragments is readily accomplished by a method known as ()
flotation
a hard, brittle, amorphous substance composed mainly of silicon oxide is ()
glass
a gas (has, has no) definite shape or volume
has no
glass that can be physically pieced together has () characteristics
individualization
() glass gains added strength from a layer of plastic inserted between two pieces of ordinary window glass; it is used in automobile windshields
laminated
anything that has mass and occupies space is defined as
matter
naturally occurring crystals commonly found in soils are ()
minerals
when glass's elastic limit is exceeded, the first fractures develop into radial lines on the surface of the (same, opposite) side to that of the penetrating force.
opposite
an arrangement of elements by similar chemical properties is accomplished in the () table
periodic
glass fracture lines that encircle the hole in the glass are known as () fractures.
radial
the bending of a light wave because of change in velocity is called
refraction
the physical property of () is determined by the ratio of the velocity of light in a vacuum to light's velocity in a substance
refractive index
the physical state that retains a definite shape and volume is a
solid
true or false: each object collected at the crime scene that contains soil evidence must be individually wrapped in plastic, with the soil intact, and transmitted to the laboratory.
true
true or false: most soils have indistinguishable color and texture
true
true or false: solids having an orderly arrangement of their constituent atoms are crystalline
true
a fracture line (will, will not) terminate at an existing line fracture.
will
a crater-shaped hole in glass is (narrower, wider) on the side where the projectile entered the glass.
x
the exact numerical density and refractive indices of glass can be correlated to () in order to assess the evidential value of the comparison
x
true or false: it is easy to determine from the size and shape of a hole in glass whether it was made by a bullet or some other projectile.
x
true or false: stress marks on the edge of a radial crack are always perpendicular to the edge of the surface on which the impact force originated.
x
when glass is immersed in a liquid of similar refractive index, its () disappears and minimum contrast between the glass and liquid is observed
x
