Chapter 30 EMT

Which of the following statements regarding abdominal eviscerations is correct?

The protruding organs should be kept warm and moist.

Your documentation on a sexual assault victim should _______.

be objective and factual

When worn properly, a seatbelt should lie:

below the anterior superior iliac spines of the pelvis and against the hip joints.

Difficulty breathing and a sunken appearance of the anterior abdominal wall is MOST indicative of a ruptured:

diaphragm.

When a hollow organ is punctured during a penetrating injury to the abdomen:

peritonitis may not develop for several hours.

Because the depth of an open abdominal wound is often difficult to determine:

prompt transport to the hospital is essential.

All of the following are hollow abdominal organs, EXCEPT the:

spleen.

Compression injury is most likely due to which of the following?

Improperly placed lab belt

Which of the following is true regarding injury to the kidneys?

Injury to the kidneys usually indicates injury to other organs.

Which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely when injured?

Liver

When should you visually inspect the external genitalia on your patient?

Only when there is a complaint of severe pain or other injury

You should suspect a kidney injury anytime the patient presents with _______.

a hematoma in the flank region

The mesentery is:

a membranous fold that attaches the intestines to the walls of the body

A 54-year-old male experienced an avulsion to his penis when his foreskin got caught in the zipper of his pants. He was able to unzip his pants and remove the foreskin prior to your arrival. Your assessment reveals that he is in severe pain and that the avulsion is bleeding moderately. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes:

applying direct pressure with a dry, sterile dressing.

Injuries to the external male genitalia _______.

are rarely life-threatening

You are transporting a patient with blunt abdominal trauma. The patient is unstable and is experiencing obvious signs and symptoms of shock. Your estimated time of arrival at the hospital is less than 10 minutes. After treating the patient appropriately, you should:

closely monitor him and reassess him frequently.

Your presence is requested by law enforcement to assess a 33-year-old female who was sexually assaulted. The patient is conscious and obviously upset. As you are talking to her, you note an impressive amount of blood on her clothes in the groin area. Her blood pressure is 98/58 mm Hg, her pulse is 130 beats/min, and her respirations are 24 breaths/min. You should:

control any external bleeding, administer oxygen, and transport at once.

Accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will MOST likely cause:

distention

When a patient stiffens the muscles of the abdomen, it is known as _______.

guarding.

Contraction or tensing of the abdominal muscles in an effort to ease pain is called:

gurarding

Peritionitis usually occurs when:

hollow abdominal organs are damaged and spill their contents into the peritoneal cavity

Abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever are most likely due to _______.

infection

You are transporting a 42-year-old male who experienced blunt abdominal trauma. He is receiving oxygen at 12 L/min via a nonrebreathing mask and full spinal precautions have been applied. During your reassessment, you note his level of consciousness has decreased and his respirations have become shallow. You should:

insert an airway adjunct if he will tolerate it and begin assisting his ventilations with a BVM.

During your assessment of a patient who experienced blunt trauma to the abdomen, you notice bruising around the umbillicus. The sign of:

intra-abdominal bleeding

In pediatric patients, the liver and spleen are _______.

larger in proportion to the abdomen

Bruising to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen following blunt trauma is MOST suggestive of injury to the:

liver

Placing a pregnant patient in a supine position during the third trimester of pregnancy:

may decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart.

Early bruising following abdominal trauma often manifests as:

red areas of skin

The presence of tachycardia following a significant abdominal injury:

should be assumed to be a sign of shock

Assuming that no obvious signs of intra-abdominal injury are present, which of the following injuries would MOST likely cause an injury to the liver or spleen to be overlooked?

shoulder fracture