Chapter 30 PrepU

A client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complains that his hands become pale, blue, and painful when exposed to the cold. What disease should the nurse cite as an explanation for these signs and symptoms?

Raynaud's disease

A physician admits a client to the health care facility for treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. When planning this client's care, which goal should the nurse keep in mind as she formulates interventions?

Stabilizing heart rate and blood pressure and easing anxiety

On a routine visit to the physician, a client with chronic arterial occlusive disease reports that he's stopped smoking after 34 years. To relieve symptoms of intermittent claudication, a condition associated with chronic arterial occlusive disease, which additional measure should the nurse recommend?

Taking daily walks

What should the nurse do to manage the persistent swelling in a patient with severe lymphangitis and lymphadenitis?

Teach the patient how to apply a graduated compression stocking.

When administering heparin anticoagulant therapy, the nurse needs to make certain that the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is within the therapeutic range of:

1.5 to 2.5 times the baseline control.

When caring for a patient who has started anticoagulant therapy with warfarin (Coumadin), the nurse knows that therapeutic benefits will not occur for:

3 to 5 days.

A home health nurse is seeing an elderly female client for the first time. During the physical assessment of the client's feet, the nurse notes several circular ulcers around the tips of the toes on both feet. The bases of the ulcers are pale, and the client reports the ulcers to be very painful. From these assessment findings, the nurse suspects that the cause of the ulcers is which of the following?

Arterial insufficiency

The nurse is caring for a client with Raynaud's disease. What are important instructions for a client who is diagnosed with this disease to prevent an attack?

Avoid situations that contribute to ischemic episodes.

A client with suspected lymphoma is scheduled for lymphangiography. The nurse should inform the client that this procedure may cause which harmless temporary change?

Bluish urine

A client is hospitalized for repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The nurse must be alert for signs and symptoms of aneurysm rupture and thus looks for which of the following?

Constant, intense back pain and falling blood pressure

The term for a diagnostic test that involves injection of a contrast media into the venous system through a dorsal vein in the foot is which of the following?

Contrast phlebography

Which of the following is a diagnostic test that involves injection of a contrast media into the venous system through a dorsal vein in the foot?

Contrast phlebography

As the clinic nurse caring for a client with varicose veins, what is an appropriate nursing action for this clie

Demonstrate how to apply and remove elastic support stockings.

The nurse performing an assessment on a patient who has arterial insufficiency of the legs and an ulcer on the left great toe would expect to find which of the following characteristics?

Diminished or absent pulses

A patient is having an angiography to detect the presence of an aneurysm. After the contrast is administered by the interventionist, the patient begins to complain of nausea and difficulty breathing. What medication is a priority to administer at this time?

Epinephrine

Which of the following statements is accurate regarding Reynaud's disease?

Episodes may be triggered by unusual sensitivity to cold.

Providing postoperative care to a patient who has percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), with insertion of a stent, for a femoral artery lesion, includes assessment for the most serious complication of:

Hemorrhage.

A client who underwent total hip replacement exhibits a red, painful area on the calf of the affected leg. What test validates presence of thromboembolism?

Homans'

Which sign or symptom suggests that a client's abdominal aortic aneurysm is extending?

Increased abdominal and back pain

Which of the following is the hallmark symptom for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in the lower extremity?

Intermittent claudication

A nurse is completing an assessment on a patient and discovers an enlarged, red, and tender lymph node. The nurse will describe and document the lymph node using which of the following terms?

Lymphadenitis

A client is diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease. Review of the client's chart shows an ankle-brachial index (ABI) on the right of 0.45. This indicates that the right foot has which of the following?

Moderate to severe arterial insufficiency

Aortic dissection may be mistaken for which of the following disease processes?

Myocardial infarction (MI)

Which of the following are risk factors for venous disorders of the lower extremities?

Obesity

A patient with impaired renal function is scheduled for a multidetector computer tomography (MDCT) scan. What preprocedure medication may the nurse administer to this patient?

Oral N-acetylcysteine

A nurse is caring for a client following an arterial vascular bypass graft in the leg. Over the next 24 hours, what should the nurse plan to assess?

Peripheral pulses every 15 minutes following surgery

A postoperative client is receiving heparin after developing thrombophlebitis. The nurse monitors the client carefully for bleeding and other adverse effects of heparin. If the client starts to exhibit signs of excessive bleeding, the nurse should expect to administer an antidote that is specific to heparin. Which agent fits this description?

Protamine sulfate

A community health nurse teaches a group of seniors about modifiable risk factors that contribute to the development of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The nurse knows that the teaching was effective based on which of the following statements?

"I will need to stop smoking because the nicotine causes less blood to flow to my hands and feet."

The nurse is assisting a patient with peripheral arterial disease to ambulate in the hallway. What should the nurse include in the education of the patient during ambulation?

"Walk to the point of pain, rest until the pain subsides, then resume ambulation."

A nurse is reviewing self-care measures for a client with peripheral vascular disease. Which statement indicates proper self-care measures?

"I have my wife look at the soles of my feet each day."

Which of the following is the most common site for a dissecting aneurysm?

Thoracic area

The nurse is caring for a patient with venous insufficiency. What should the nurse assess the patient's lower extremities for?

Ulceration

What are the symptoms a nurse should assess for in a patient with lymphedema as a result of impaired nutrition to the tissue?

Ulcers and infection in the edematous area

The nurse teaches the patient with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) to refrain from smoking because nicotine causes which of the following?

Vasospasm

A nurse is instructing a client about using antiembolism stockings. Antiembolism stockings help prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by:

forcing blood into the deep venous system.

A client with no known history of peripheral vascular disease comes to the emergency department complaining of sudden onset of lower leg pain. Inspection and palpation reveal absent pulses; paresthesia; and a mottled, cyanotic, cold, and cadaverous left calf. While the physician determines the appropriate therapy, the nurse should:

keep the affected leg level or slightly dependent.

Which of the following are complications of percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty (PTA)? Select all that apply.

• Hematoma • Embolization • Dissection of the vessel • Bleeding • Stent migration

Which of the following are alterations noted in Virchow's triad? Select all that apply.

• Stasis of blood • Vessel wall injury • Altered coagulation