chapter 34 & 35 exam

Parts of a prescription

-inscription -signa -subscription -superscription

What patients need to know about Over-The-Counter drugs?

-take exactly as needed -inform the provider and/or the medical assistant of unusual or adverse reactions -continue to take the medication for the duration of the prescribed number of days, weeks, and so on -if you want to discontinue the medication, inform your provider and/or the medical assistant -do not take other medications or herbs concurrently without checking with your provider or medical assistant -do not take someone else's prescribed medication -store all medications away from children -discard unused medication properly -heed warning labels on medication containers

1000 milligrams

1 gram

1,000 micrograms (mcg)

1 milligram (mg)

how many teaspoons in 5mL?

1 tsp

deka

10

hecto

100

kilo

1000

tuberculin

1mL calibrated 0.1mL

Cartridge-needle unit

A disposable sterile cartridge containing a premeasured amount of medication

Vial

A small, sterile, prefilled glass bottle with rubber stopper containing a hypodermic solution

federal law requires that at the end of the workday, controlled substances that are used on the clinic premises must be managed in which of the following ways?

Counted, verified by two individuals, and recored on an audit sheet

prn

as needed

Type 2 diabetes

known as adult onset diabetes. commonly is diagnosed in the middle-aged population. there are symptoms of insulin resistance, or the inability of insulin to transport glucose into the cells to be used for energy.

Type 1 diabetes

known as juvenile diabetes as it most often has an onset prior to adulthood. with this diabetes, the body no longer makes insulin or does not make enough insulin to support the body's metabolism. insulin must be infected based on blood glucose measurements.

which of the following terms describes the hollow core of a needle?

lumen

mg

milligram

mL

milliliter

a disposable plastic tube that has small holes to be inserted in the nares is referred to as which of the following?

nasal cannula

NPO

nothing by mouth

centi

one hundredth of a unit

micro

one millionth of a unit

The safe disposal of needles and syringes:

place used needles, point down, in puncture-proof sharps container

tid

three times a day

Why do you aspirate?

to see if there is any blood

dosage of insulin is always measured in which of the following?

units

deltoid

upper limit 1mL 3mL 23g 1" aspirate, massage, dart 90 degrees arm

the calculation of body surface area is utilized in which of the following circumstances?

when calculating children's dosages

c with a line over it

with

s with a long over it

without

kg

2.2 lbs

hypodermic

3mL calibrated 0.1mL 5mL calibrated 0.2mL larger sizes (10,30,60mL) calibrated 0.2mL

vastus lateralis

3mL 25g 5/8" upper limit 0.5mL-1mL dart, aspirate (for 2 hand tech), massage 90 degrees NO aspirate - for one had technique

the hard copy of a prescription is filed and kept for a minimum of how many years?

7

chemical drug name

Describes the drug's chemical composition and molecular structure begin with lowercase letter

which of the following abbreviations symbols represents "nothing by mouth"?

NPO

The route of administration is determined by a number of factors: 1, 2, 3

One factor is the action of the medication on the body, either local or systemic

Six Rights of Medication Administration

Right patient Right drug Right dose Right route Right time Right documentation

anaphylaxis

Severe allergic reaction

What is a z-track injection?

The Z-track technique is similar to an intramuscular injection, except that the skin is pulled to the side before needle insertion

insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is known as what type?

Type 1

medications that are irritating to the tissues should be injected using what method?

Z-track

medication error

a drug given to the wrong patient the incorrect drug is given the drug is given via an incorrect route the drug is given at the incorrect time the incorrect dose is administered incorrect data are entered on the patients chart

Ampule

a small, sterile, prefilled glass container that usually holds a single dose of hypodermic solution

p with a line over it

after

pc

after meals

Patient Assessment

age physical conditions body size sex build skin texture injection site

injections should be avoided in which areas?

all of the above

the physician's desk reference contains which of the following information?

all of the above

what is a potential hazard of medication administration by intramuscular injection?

all of the above

pediatric dosages are carefully calculated based on which principle?

all of these

which of the following is a category of drug names?

all of these

which of the following is a controlled substance--related responsibility of the medical assistant?

all of these

epoetin injections units

anti-anemic

therapeutic uses for drugs

anti-histamine drug that may be used for an allergy

curative uses for drugs

antibiotic

the gentle pulling back on the plunger of the syringe to ensure the needle tip is not in a blood vessel is termed which of the following?

aspiration

What are safe injection sites? *

avoiding bones, nerves, blood vessels

Parts of a syringe

barrel, plunger, flange, tip, safety shield

All drug labels contain an expiration date. When the date has been reached, the drug MUST

be removed from the shelf and destroyed an expired drug cannot be dispensed or administered because it could be harmful

ac

before meals

Which areas should you avoid when giving an injection?

bones, nerves, blood vessels

rapid response to a medication can be expected with which method of administration?

both b and c - intravenous and intramuscular

which of the following types of drugs do providers prescribe most frequently?

brand

schedule II drug

cocaine

schedule III drug

codeine

which of the following is an example of a drug that can be obtained from an animal source?

cortisone

Gestational diabetes

develops when the hormones of pregnancy create insulin resistance. if the pancreas cannot secrete more insulin, the woman develops gestational diabetes. A woman that has gestational diabetes is at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

other routes of administration

direct application to the skin - topical lotion sublingual - tablets, liquids, drops buccal - tablets rectal - suppositories, ointments vaginal - suppositories, creams, applications inhalation - sprays, aerosols instillation - liquid, drops

generic drug name

drug's official name begin with lowercase letter

classification of drugs

drugs used to treat or prevent disease drugs that have a principal action on the body drugs that act on specific body systems or organs drug preparation drugs that act on specific organisms drugs that replace body chemical

diagnostic uses for drugs

dye tablets used in the X-ray study of the gallbladder

the four principal factors that affect drug action are absorption, distribution, biotransformation, and which of the following?

elimination

Which of the following drugs is commonly used in an emergency such as anaphylactic shock?

epinephrine

emergency drugs

epinephrine albuterol Benadryl compazine dextrose diazepam digoxin hydrocortisone insulin lasix lidocaine nitroglycerin verapamil

q

every

an inventory record of schedule II drugs must be submitted to the DEA how often?

every 2 years

anatomic placement for deltoid injections is determined in what way?

finding the upper or lower aspect of the deltoid muscle

qid

four times a day

administer

give it to the patient by mouth or injection or any other method of andministration

schedule I drug

heroin

replacement uses for drugs

hormones and vitamins

common syringe sizes

hypodermic, tuberculin, insulin

preventive or prophylactic use for drugs

immunizing agents such as vaccines

Which injections do you pull the skin taut?

intradermal

which injection is given just below the surface of the skin at a 150-degree angle?

intradermal injection

IM

intramuscular

which of the following routes of delivery results in the most rapid action of the medication given?

intravenous

E-prescribing

is a feature many providers appreciate. With e-prescribing, providers have instantaneous and remote access to records in addition to many other features

plunger

is a movable cylinder, designed for insertion within the barrel; it provides the mechanism by which a medication is drawn into or pushed out of the barrel

tip

is at the end of the barrel where the needle is attached

flange

is at the end of the barrel where the plunger is inserted

safety shield

is pulled over the needle while withdrawing it

barrel

is the part that holds the medication and has graduated markings on its surface for use in measuring medications

prescribe

licensed practitioner with prescriptive authority gives a written order to be taken to the pharmacist to be filled

what is the term for when a drug acts on the area to which it is administered?

local action

principal actions of drugs

local action - acts on the area to which it is administered remote action - affects part of the body that is distant from the site administered systemic action - drug is carried via bloodstream throughout the body synergistic action - drug increases or counteracts the action of another

trade or brand name

manufacturer's name for a drug the brand name begins with a capital letter

after you have poured a medication and taken it to the patient, he refuses to take it. Which of the following actions is the next correct step?

notify the provider and await instructions

deci

one tenth of a unit

milli

one thousandth of a unit

the most frequently used routes of administering medication to the patient are:

oral and parental oral is taken by mouth parental is take by injection

what are the most frequently used routes of administering medication?

oral and parenteral

which of the following is a commonly abused drug in the United States?

oxycodone

which of the following is an example of a controlled substance?

oxycontin

sources of drugs

plants, animals, minerals, herbal supplements, synthetic drugs

what legal document gives directions for compounding, dispensing, and administering medication to a patient?

prescription

dispense

proved the medication as ordered by the provider to the patient

reasons for parenteral routes

rapid response time to medication accuracy of dosage need for a concentration of medication injected into a joint or for local anesthetic inability to administer oral because the medication is destroyed by gastric juices or the patient is incapable of taking medication orally

urticaria or pruritus

rash

what action should be taken when a medication error occurs?

recognize that an error has occurred

by law, outdated and expired controlled substances must be handled in which of the following ways?

returned to a pharmacy on a designated "take-back" day

the substances that have the highest potential for abuse are designated as which schedule?

schedule I

undesirable actions of drugs

side affect drug interaction adverse reaction

what is the term that describes the portion of the prescription that gives directions to the patient?

signature

Contraindications

states when the drug should not be given based on other disease processes or medications

Pharmacology

study of drugs; the science concerned with the history, origin, sources, physical and chemical properties, and uses of drugs and their effects on living organisms

Which injection do you use to give an allergy extract?

subcutaneous

which injections do you aspirate?

subcutaneous, intramuscular, deltoid, vastus laterals for 2 hand technique

What is weight?

the average adult dosage is based on 150 pounds (about 68 kilograms). Individuals who weigh less or more than this should have the dosage based on body surface area (BSA) or kilograms of body weight

The third factor is

the drugs characteristic

What is volume?

the liter is the metric unit of weight

The second factor is

the physical and emotional state of the patient

What is a drug route?

the route of the drug is how it is administered to the patient, and thereby transported into the patient's body

which of the following are considered medical uses for drugs?

therapeutic, diagnostic, curative

what is true about over the counter drugs?

they are safe to use without the provider's supervision

It is extremely important that the exact dosage of insulin be given to the patient

true

bid

twice a day

insulin

u-100 (0.5mL) u-100 (1mL) calibrated in units

diagnostic

used in conjunction with radiology and other diagnostic imaging procedures to allow the provider to pinpoint the location of a disease process

therapeutic

used in the treatment of a condition to relieve symptoms

curative

used to kill or remove the causative agent of a disease

replacement

used to replace substances normally found in the body

preventive or prophylactic

used to ward off or lessen the severity of a disease

schedule IV drug

valium

intradermal

with the dermal layer of the skin 0.1 mL 1mL syringe 25g 5/8" 1mL syrings 27g 1/2" 10-15 degrees NO aspirate NO massage bevel up - controlled needle insertion forearm

intramuscular

within the muscle 90 degrees dorsogluteal/ventrogluteal upper limit 2-3 mL 3mL syrings 22g 1 1/2" dart, aspirate, massage

which of the following is a part of the "six rights" of proper medication administration?

all of these

What are hazards of giving injections?

allergic reaction will be swift injury to bone, nerve, or blood vessel injecting into a blood vessel instead of tissue

What can you tell me about an insulin syringe?

an important factor is the number of units in one milliliter of insulin to be injected. U-100 or 100 units per mL of insulin

which of the following is an example of an OTC drug?

analgesic ibuprofen

which of the following is important when selecting a site for administering a prescribed medication?

anatomic structures

factors that affect drug action

Absorption Distribution Biotransformation Elimination

drug dosage factors

Age Weight Gender Kidney function Pt allergies

Tubex

Is a one-dose sterile liquid drug in a small glass container sealed to keep the contents sterile for parenteral use. Usually self-contained with its own needle system and is administered with the aid of a tubex holder

subcutaneous

Just below the surface of the skin 45 degrees 1mL limit fatty part of arm on back side 3mL 25g 5/8" dart, massage aspirate

schedule V drug

Lomotil