Chapter 4
According to the Thomson model, what is the relative charge on a proton? -2 +1 -1 +2 none of the above
+1
An atom of a carbon-14 isotope would contain: 8 protons, 6 neutrons, and 8 electrons. 14 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. 6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons. 6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons. 20 protons, 6 neutrons, and 20 electrons.
6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons.
Which of the following descriptions of a subatomic particle is correct? An electron has a negative charge and a mass of approximately 1 amu. A proton has a positive charge and a mass of approximately 1 amu. A neutron has a positive charge and a mass of approximately 1 amu. A proton has a positive charge and a negligible mass. A neutron has no charge and its mass is negligible.
A proton has a positive charge and a mass of approximately 1 amu.
A cation forms when an atom gains an electron. True False
False
All atoms of a given element are identical. True False
False
Isotopes have different atomic number ( Z) but the same mass number ( A). True False
False
Protons and electrons each have a mass of 1 amu. True False
False
In a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed. Which law does this refer to? First Law of Thermodynamics Law of the Conservation of Mass Law of Definite Proportions Law of Modern Atomic Theory Law of Multiple Proportions
Law of the Conservation of Mass
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have a different numbers of neutrons. True False
True
Mendeleev's early periodic table predicted the existence of elements that had yet to be discovered. True False
True
The gold foil experiment proved that large regions of the atoms consisted of empty space. True False
True
The number of protons in an atom's nucleus defines the element. True False
True
When an atom loses an electron, the resulting particle is called: a cation. a proton. an anion. an isotope. none of the above
a cation
The elements lithium, sodium, and potassium ________. have the same mass number have the same number of neutrons are in the same period of elements are isotopes of each other are in the same group
are in the same group
Isotopes are: atoms of the same element that have different number of electrons. atoms of the same element that have different number of neutrons. atoms of the same element that have the same number of neutrons. atoms of the same element that have different number of protons. none of the above
atoms of the same element that have different number of neutrons.
Adding one proton to the nucleus of an atom: increases its atomic mass by one unit, but does not change its atomic number. does not change either its atomic number or its atomic mass. converts it to an atom of a different element. increases its atomic number by one unit but does not change its atomic mass.
converts it to an atom of a different element.
Which of the following subatomic particles is found outside the nucleus? proton neutron electron all of the above none of the above
electron
Which subatomic particle has a relative charge of -1 and a mass of ~0 amu? neutron proton alpha electron none of the above
electron
Isotopes of a given element ________. have the same atomic number but different chemical properties have the same number of protons, but different mass numbers have the same mass number but different numbers of protons have the same mass number but different chemical properties
have the same number of protons, but different mass numbers
An atom containing 7 protons, 8 neutrons, and 7 electrons: is charge-neutral. is an ion. cannot exist. is an oxygen atom. none of the above.
is charge-neutral
The number of neutrons in an atom is equal to the ________. atomic number mass number - the atomic number number of protons mass number + the atomic number mass number
mass number - the atomic number
Group 8A elements are also called: noble gases. halogens. alkaline earth metals. alkali metals. none of the above
noble gases
Which subatomic particle has a relative charge of +1 and a mass of about 1 amu? alpha neutron proton electron none of the above
proton
The nucleus of an atom consists mainly of: protons and neutrons. protons, neutrons, and electrons. neutrons and electrons. protons and electrons. none of the above
protons and neutrons
Nonmetals are located where on the periodic table? left side right side middle zig-zag diagonal line none of the above
right side
Atoms are neutral because ________. the atomic number equals the number of electrons equal numbers of protons and neutrons are present neutrons neutralize the (+) and (−) charges in the atom all atoms contain neutrons
the atomic number equals the number of electrons
A sodium atom with mass number 23 has 12 neutrons. True False
True
All of the positive charge of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus. True False
True
Atoms combine in small, whole-numbered ratios. True False
True
Atoms retain their identity during a chemical reaction. True False
True
Group 2A elements are called alkali metals. True False
True
