Chapter 4 & 5
A firm with a cost-leadership strategy can command premium prices and achieve higher profits
false
An interrelationship digraph allows for "linear thinking" rather than "lateral thinking"
false
Competitive benchmarking evaluates processes or business functions against the best companies, regardless of their industry
false
Durability refers to the probability of a product's surviving over a specified period of time under stated conditions of use
false
Eliminating steps is the lean thinking principle that refers to the issue of the errors every time a process is handed from one person or group to another
false
Having a manufacturing system designed for flexible sequence of operations is a strategy used for cost-leadership for high-volume products
false
Individuals with innovative cognitive styles will tend to use data within a well-established domain, accept problems as defined, and generate ideas consistent with accepted convention
false
Plans and actions should be developed based on analysis of the symptoms of a problem, rather than on the root causes only.
false
Significant reductions in cycle time can be achieved by focusing on individual subprocesses
false
Six Sigma methods are more intuitive than lean approaches and easier to apply by anybody in the workplace
false
The Deming Cycle is composed of four stages: Design, Measure Analyze, and Control
false
The kanban strategy has been called "the single most important concept in the japanese management-the key to japanese competitive success"
false
quality related data are of two general types - quantifiable and non-quantifiable
false
With respect to the seven QC tools, a ______is a picture of a process that shows the sequence of steps performed.
flowchart
In a Pareto distribution, the characteristics are ordered
from largest frequency to smallest
In the Hoshin planning process, top management is responsible for developing and communicating a vision, then building organization-wide commitment to its achievement
true
In the general hoshin planning process, policy deployment starts with the senior managers of the company
true
Lean approaches address visible problems in processes; Six Sigma is more concerned with less visible problems
true
Lean thinking can be applied to non-manufacturing environments
true
In a balanced scorecard, leading measures refer to
predictions about the future
A _____ is a method for mapping out every conceivable event and contingency that can occur when moving from a problem statement to possible solutions
process decision program chart
The term____ refers to approaches that produce exceptional results, are usually innovative in terms of use technology or human resources, and are recognized by customers or industry
process variance
The total time required by a company to deliver a finished product that satisfies customers' needs is referred to as:
product lead time
With respect to the various tools used in lean thinking, in the ____ system, upstream suppliers do not produce until the downstream customer signals a need for parts.
pull production
The ability of a car to start consistently in all types of weather and lack of failure of electronic components is an example of the ____ dimension of product design.
reliability
A ______ illustrates relationships between hypothesized causes and effects
scatter diagram
With respect to the Japanese terms of the 5s concept, _____ means setting in order.
seiton
With respect to the terms used in 5s, seiketsu means ____
standardize
Minimizing the number of parts, eliminating fasteners, making parts symmetric whenever possible, avoiding rigid and stiff parts, and using one-sided assembly designs are some of the approaches companies use to achieve cost leadership for high-volume products
true
One of the mechanisms used to encourage innovation and creativity in the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award Criteria for Performance Excellence is the prescriptive nature of the criteria, which channels activities toward purpose, bot toward following procedures.
true
Strategic Objectives are what an organization must change or improve to remain or become competitive
true
Strategy literature sometimes refers to strategic plans as strategic content
true
The most important ingredient for continuous improvement is an appropriate organizational culture
true
To be able to improve a process, it must be repeatable and measurable
true
Two approaches that help companies achieve breakthrough improvement are benchmarking and reengineering
true
Two key components of service system quality are employees and information technology.
true
a histogram shows the frequency or number of observations of a particular value or within a specified group.
true
check sheets are tools that aid in data collection
true
control charts are useful for identifying improvement opportunities and verifying that improvements really do not have the desired effect.
true
if a process is driven by an administrative logic such as cost accounting or functional specialization, it is ripe for reengineering.
true
In which phase of the DMAIC process does statistical thinking play a critical role?
Analyze
______ is the search for best practices that will lead to superior performance.
Benchmarking
_______, first proposed by Walter Shewhart in 1924, are the backbone of statistical process control.
Control charts
The DMAIC approach used in SIx Sigma is expanded as:
Design, Measure, Analyze, Improve,, and Control
______ refers to the degree of caring and individual attention provided to customers
Empathy
Policy deployment is also known as
Hoshin planning
______ are "spreadsheets" that graphically display relationships between ideas, activities, or other dimensions in such
Matrix Diagrams
A customer buying a personal computer defines the types of disk drives, modem, memory configurations, and types of hardware
Option-oriented
In the PDCA cycle, designing the product takes place in the ____
Plan
_____ is concerned with the plans, procedures, and methods for the design and evaluation of quality in good and services
Quality engineering
_______ is focused on breakthrough improvement to dramatically improve the quality and speed of work and to reduce its cost by fundamentally changing the processes by which work gets done.
Reengineering
_______ refers to rapid changeover of tooling and fixtures in machine shops so that multiple products in smaller batches can be run on the same equipment.
Single minute exchange of dies
______ refers to the process by which the members of an organization envision its future and develop the necessary procedures and operations to carry out that vision.
Strategic planning
The _____ is a tool for organizing a large number of ideas, opinions, and facts relating to a broad problem or subject area.
affinity diagram
With respect to the types of quality-related data, _____ data are obtained by counting or from some type of visual inspection
attribute
____ refers to a firm's ability to achieve market superiority over its competitors
competitive advantage
________ refers to an organization's areas of greatest expertise
core competencies
The time it takes to accomplish one portion of a process is known as _____
cycle time
The______ phase DMAIC addresses project management issues that answer questions about what will need to be done, by whom, and when
define
A company's _____ is/are the only source of competitive advantage that competitors cannot copy
human resources
An ________ identifies and explores causal relationships among related concepts or ideas.
interrelationship digraph
A pull production system is also known as
kanban
In a balanced scorecard, lagging measures refer to
the outcomes of a process
With the respect to the various tools used in lean thinking, _____ is designed to ensure that equipment is operational and available when needed
total production maintenance
An _______ maps out the paths and tasks necessary to complete a specific project or reach a specified goal
tree diagram
A kaizen event is an intense and rapid improvement process in which a team or a department throws all ts resources into an improvement project over a short time period.
true
A simple way of defining lean thinking is "getting more done with less"
true
A strategy of continuous improvement is essential to achieve a low-cost competitive.
true
According to the principles of TQ, a customer-focused organization and a process orientation are necessary prerequisites for agility
true
An interrelationship digraph identifies and explores causal relationships among related concepts or ideas
true
Attractive facilitates, appropriately dressed employees, and well-designed forms that are easy to read and interpret are examples of the "tangibles" dimension of service quality
true
Flowcharts are best developed by the people involved in the process- employees, supervisors, managers, and customers
true
Improved conformance in production leads to lower manufacturing and service costs.
true
A histogram is a graphical representation of the:
variation in a set of data
A firm purchasing a key supplier to strengthen its value chain is an example of
vertical integration