Chapter 4 CONNECT practice Qs

The endocrine system includes _____. (all that apply)

- the regulation of fluid balance - the workings of hormones - the thyroid gland and pancreas

Which of the following are considered functions of the nervous system? (all that apply)

- transmits information - controls and regulates hunger

Compounds of saliva include

-salivary amylase -lingual lipase

Arrange the parts of the small intestine in order they appear in the GI tract

1. duodenum 2. jejunum 3. ileum

Match the section of the small intestine with its correct function

Duodenum = bicarbonate (an alkaline fluid) is secreted here Jejunum = Absorption of nutrients occurs in the upper part Ileum = Minimal absorption occurs here

____ is the relatively constant internal environment in the body that is critical for good health and survival

Homeostasis

___ is the sum of all chemical reactions occurring in living cells

Metabolism

Match the digestive organ with its function

Mouth = Begins the chemical digestion of starch Stomach = Mechanical digestion of food Small Intestine = Major site of digestion and absorption Large Intestine = Elimination of waste products Esophagus = Transfer of food from mouth to stomach

List the organs in the digestive tract in order, from start to finish

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Match cell structures with their functions

Nucleus = organization and expression of DNA Cytoplasm = watery fluid surrounds nucleus Mitochondrion = site of ATP synthesis Ribosome = Protein synthesis occurs here

Which of the following is a primary taste sensation?

Umami

The liver, gallbladder, and pancreas are a part of the digestive system but are considered to be __ structures.

accessory

The exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products between the blood and the cell throughout the body occurs across the cells lining the

capillaries

The_____system is an example of an organ system

cardiovascular

Reactions that break down molecules are called ____.

catabolic

The mixture of gastric juices and partially digested food formed in the stomach is called ____.

chyme

a protein that catalyzes a particular chemical reaction inside the body is called a(n)

enzyme

The circulation of nutrients to the liver is via the ____ _____ vein.

hepatic portal

Hair, skin, and nails are structures of the ___ system

integumentary

Identify the organs that work together to maintain the acid-base balance of the blood

kidneys, lungs

The ___ is the open space inside a structure such as the small intestine

lumen

Lingual lipase and salivary amylase are two components of the liquid called ____, which is produced by glands in the mouth

saliva

A(n) ___ forms when an acid reacts with a base

salt

Match the term with its correct definition

solution = evenly distributed mixture of two or more compounds solute = substance that dissolves in the solvent solvent = substance in which the solute dissolves solubility = ease with which a substance dissolves in a liquid solvent electrolytes = ions that conduct electricity when dissolved in water

Amylase is the enzyme needed to digest ______.

starch

After blood flows through the body, it returns to the heart through the

veins

Which are functions of the digestive system (all that apply)

-Breakdown of foods into nutrients -Absorption of nutrients into blood or lymph

Identify three organs that are an important part of the digestive system, even thought they do not come in direct contact with food matter in the GI

-Liver -Gallbladder -Pancreas

homeostasis can be disrupted by _____ . (all that apply)

-lengthy periods of sickness -times of starvation or dieting -changes in the cells internal environment

Match the functions with the correct organ system.

1. Breaks down food both mechanically Digestive System and chemically 2. Removes waste products from Urinary System the circulatory system 3. Detects sensations, controls Nervous System physiological and intellectual functions 4. Removes foreign substances from Lymphatic System the blood and aids fat absorption 5. Transports nutrients, waste, Cardiovascular System gases, and hormones throughout the body 6. Regulates metabolism through the Endocrine System action of hormones

Match the system of the body with its funciton

Skeletal System = storage of minerals Integumentary System = Prevents invasion by disease causing bacteria Digestive System = Breakdown and absorption of food Reproductive System = To produce children

Waves of muscular contractions that propel food along the gastrointestinal tract are called ____.

peristalsis

The scientific study of how cells and body structures function is called ___.

physiology

Match the accessory organ with its function

salivary glands = produce and secrete salivary amylase liver = produce and secrete bile gallbladder = release bile into duodenum pancreas = produce and secrete majority of digestive enzymes