Chapter 4 Dep Psychology

another way to describe temperant is in terms of predispostions towards which of the following

self-regulation, emotional reacvity

Stranger anxiety in infants tends to be influenced by which of the following?

the characteristic of the stranger the social context

Personality in infants is thought to involve a sense of self, trust, self-recognition, and independence.

true

In the United States, separation protest typically peaks at about the age of ______ months.

13-15 month

slow-to-warm-up child

a child who has a low activity level, is somewhat negative, and displays a low intensity of mood

The maturation of the frontal regions of the cerebral cortex allows infants to

begin to regulate their emotions

In infancy, emotions play important roles in which of the following?

behavioral organization communication with others

Which of the following are characteristic of an infant's pain cry?

breath holding lack of preliminary moaning

which therorist developed a temperament classification system in which most children are considered to be easy, difficult, or slow to warm up

chess and thomas

Children who can distract themselves from a stressful encounter show a lower level of negative affect in the context and less anxiety over time. This an example of the influence of which of the following on emotion?

cognitive processes

In infancy, emotions play important roles in which of the following?

communication with others behavioral organization

according to chess and thomas' temperament classification system, a(n) _____child is one who reacts negatively and cries frequently, engages in irregular daily routines, and is slow to accept change,

difficult

According to Chess and Thomas' temperament classification system, a(n) _____ child is generally in a positive mood, quickly establishes regular routines in infancy, and adapts readily to new experiences.

easy

A feeling or affect that occurs when people are in a state or an interaction that is important to them, especially to their well-being is known as a/an

emotion

___are influenced by both biological foundations and by an individual's experiences.

emotion

Which of the following is LEAST likely to influence an individual's emotions?

environmental quality

Research has found that decrease in infants negative emotionality are linked to which of the following?

higher levels of parental sensitivity, higher levels of parental responsiveness, higher parental involvement

The enduring personal characteristics of the individual are known as

personality

In a most basic classification sense, enthusiasm, joy, and love are classified as _______ emotions, whereas anxiety, anger, and guilt are classified as_______ emotions.

positive, negative

Which of the following are biological influences relating to emotion?

development of the brain stem development of the hippocampus maturation of the cerebral cortex

Which of the following are cognitive strategies that children might use to control their emotions?

disengagement suppression

between 18 and 24 months of age, children markedly increase their___play

imitative and reciprocal

Which type of infant smile does NOT depend on external stimuli?

reflexive

which of the following refers to an infant's ability to 'read' the emotions of other people?

social referencing

Which of the following is essential for the development of a variety of emotions and emotional experiences?

social relationships

the close emotional bond between caregivers and infant is known as

attachment