Chapter 4 Dynamic Study Module

Which of the following statements correctly describes a common characteristic of cell walls and the cell extracellular matrix? -Both are external to the plasma membrane. -Both are synthesized in the nucleolus. -Collagen is a major component of both cell walls and the extracellular matrix. -Both are composed primarily of lipids. -Cell walls and the extracellular matrix are possessed by both plants and animals.

Both are external to the plasma membrane.

Which of the following correctly compares the extracellular matrix (ECM) of animal cells to cell walls of plant cells? -Both the ECM and the plant cell wall are composed of varying mixtures of proteins and carbohydrates. -Both the ECM and plant cell walls provide rigid structures that determine the shape of their respective cells. -Cell walls and ECMs provide for tight contact between adjacent cells. -The structures that are external to the plasma membrane are essentially independent of the plasma membrane in both groups. -The ECM and plant cell walls completely cover the plasma membrane of their respective cells.

Both the ECM and the plant cell wall are composed of varying mixtures of proteins and carbohydrates.

Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system? -Golgi apparatus -Chloroplast -Plasma membrane -Nuclear envelope -All of the listed responses are part of the endomembrane system

Chloroplast

Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system? -Golgi apparatus -Nuclear envelope -Chloroplast -Plasma membrane -All of the listed responses are part of the endomembrane system.

Chloroplast

Which of the following statements about chloroplasts and mitochondria is true? -Chloroplasts and mitochondria are components of the endomembrane system. -Chloroplasts but not mitochondria are completely independent of the cell of which they are a part. -Mitochondria but not chloroplasts contain a small amount of DNA. -Chloroplasts and mitochondria have three sets of membranes. -Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize some of their own proteins.

Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize some of their own proteins.

Basal bodies are most closely associated with which of the following cell components? -Cilia -Central vacuole -Mitochondria -Golgi apparatus -Nucleus

Cilia

Which statement about the cytoskeleton is true? -Plant cells lack a cytoskeleton because they have a rigid cell wall. -Intermediate filaments are hollow tubes of protein that provide structural support. -Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm. -Microtubules are chains of proteins that resist stretching. -Microfilaments are more permanent structures in cells than intermediate filaments and microtubules.

Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm.

In terms of cellular function, what is the most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? -Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells. -Eukaryotic cells can synthesize proteins, but prokaryotic cells cannot. -Eukaryotic cells lack many of the organelles found in prokaryotes. -Eukaryotic cells possess specialized membrane-bounded organelles. -Eukaryotic cells are much more successful than prokaryotic cells.

Eukaryotic cells possess specialized membrane-bounded organelles.

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells? -Centriole -Mitochondrion -Central vacuole -Chloroplast -Wall made of cellulose

Mitochondrion

Which of the following features do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common? -Mitochondria, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane -Ribosomes, nucleus, and plasma membrane -Mitochondria, ribosomes, and cytoplasm -Nucleus, plasma membrane, and ribosomes -Ribosomes, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm

Ribosomes, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm

Which of the following structures is found in animal cells but not plant cells? -Centrioles -Plasma membrane -Rough endoplasmic reticulum -Golgi apparatus -Mitochondria

centrioles

Your intestine is lined with individual cells that absorb nutrients. No fluids leak between these cells from the interior of the intestine. Why? -The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions. -The intestinal cells are bound together by plasmodesmata. -The intestinal cells are bound together by gap junctions. -The intestinal cells are fused together into one large cell. -The intestinal cells are bound together by the extracellular matrix.

intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions

cell fractionation _______

separates cells into their component parts

Functional connection between the nucleolus, nuclear pores, and the nuclear membrane is _________

subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the nucleolus and pass through the nuclear membrane via nuclear pores

A dish of animal cells was grown in the presence of radioactive phosphorous. The phosphorous largely ended up in nucleotides inside the actively growing animal cells. In which cellular structure(s) would you predict the majority of the radioactive phosphorous to accumulate? -The Golgi apparatus -The Golgi apparatus and the nucleus -Rough endoplasmic reticulum -The nucleus -Rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus

the nucleus

Which statement about the cytoskeleton is true? -Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm. -Microfilaments are more permanent structures in cells than intermediate filaments and microtubules. -Intermediate filaments are hollow tubes of protein that provide structural support. -Microtubules are chains of proteins that resist stretching. -Plant cells lack a cytoskeleton because they have a rigid cell wall.

Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm.

Which statement about the cytoskeleton is true? -Plant cells lack a cytoskeleton because they have a rigid cell wall. -Microfilaments are more permanent structures in cells than intermediate filaments and microtubules. -Microtubules are chains of proteins that resist stretching. -Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm. -Intermediate filaments are hollow tubes of protein that provide structural support.

Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm.

Which of the following is/are possible site(s) of protein synthesis in a typical eukaryotic cell? -Cytoplasm and rough endoplasmic reticulum -Cytoplasm -Cytoplasm, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria -Rough endoplasmic reticulum -Mitochondria

Cytoplasm, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria

Which of the following is/are possible site(s) of protein synthesis in a typical eukaryotic cell? -Cytoplasm and rough endoplasmic reticulum -Mitochondria -Cytoplasm, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria -Cytoplasm -Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Cytoplasm, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria

Which of the following is/are possible site(s) of protein synthesis in a typical eukaryotic cell? -Cytoplasm, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria -Cytoplasm and rough endoplasmic reticulum -Mitochondria -Rough endoplasmic reticulum -Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria

What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell? -ER—Golgi—vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane -Nucleus—ER—Golgi -ER—lysosomes—vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane -Golgi—ER—lysosome -Lysosome—ER—Golgi

ER—Golgi—vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

A researcher wants to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Which type of microscope should she choose, and why is it the best choice? -Transmission electron microscope because of its high magnifying power -Light microscope because of its high resolving power -Scanning electron microscope because of its ability to visualize the surface of subcellular objects -Transmission electron microscope because of its high resolving power -Light microscope because the specimen is alive

Light microscope because the specimen is alive

Which type of cell is likely to have the most mitochondria? -Bacterial cells that are growing on sugars -Nondividing cells in the skin on your finger -Photosynthetic cells in the leaves of a tree -Inactive yeast cells that are stored for future use -Muscle cells in the legs of a marathon runner

Muscle cells in the legs of a marathon runner

A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and eventually found in a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the plasma membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the ER. The protein was probably altered in the ____ -Golgi apparatus -smooth endoplasmic reticulum -rough endoplasmic reticulum -transport vesicles -plasma membrane

golgi apparatus

Bacterial cells are prokaryotic. Unlike a typical eukaryotic cell, they _______

have no membrane-bounded organelles

Which of the following categories best describes the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? -Structural support of cells -Information storage -Breakdown of macromolecules -Manufacturing -Energy processing

manufacturing

Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells? -Mitochondria -Cytosol -DNA -Plasma membrane -Ribosomes

mitochondria

Cilia and flagella move due to the interaction of the cytoskeleton with which of the following? -Mitochondria -Tubulin -Actin -Pseudopodia -Motor proteins

motor proteins

Cilia and flagella move due to the interaction of the cytoskeleton with which of the following? -Tubulin -Pseudopodia -Actin -Motor proteins -Mitochondria

motor proteins

Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through ______ -a gap junction -a tight junction -plasmodesmata -a microtubule -a cell wall

plasmodesmata

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to... -move rapidly -store large quantities of ions -secrete a lot of protein -absorb nutrients in the GI tract -make a lot of ATP

secrete a lot of protein