Chapter 4 Section 2 Questions

Summarize the differences between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.

A prokaryotic cell lacks a membrane and membrane-bound organelles. Most prokaryotic cells are much smaller than eukaryotic cells are. In a prokaryotic cell, the DNA is concentrated in the nucleoid. Prokaryotes are divided into two domains: Bacteria and Archaea. Eukaryotic cells have organelles, many of which are surrounded by a membrane.

List four levels of organization that combine to form an organism.

Cell, tissues, organ, and organ system

Describe the relationship between a cell's shape and its function.

Each cell has a shape that has evolved to allow the cell to perform its function effectively. For example, the long extensions that reach out in various directions from certain nerve cells allow the cell to send and receive nerve impulses.

How are the functions of prokaryotic cells controlled without a nucleus?

It has a nucleoid, which has the same function as a nucleus.

If a cube-shaped cell grew from one centimeter per side to three centimeters per side, how much would its volume change?

It's volume would increase twenty-seven times.

Why do you think there are three basic structures common to all cell types? Support your answer.

The cell needs materials to enter and exit, needs to have a liquid medium for the transport of materials, and needs a place for the storage of DNA.

Explain the factor that limits cell size.

The size of the cell is limited by the relationship of the cells outer surface area to its value, or surface area to volume ratio.

Identify the three main parts of an eukaryotic cell.

The three main parts of an eukaryotic cell include: an outer boundary (plasma membrane), an interior substance (cytoplasm), and a control region (nucleus).