Chapter 4 Sociology

Looking Glass Self

We all act like mirrior to one another, reflecting back the image of ourselves; 1. We imagine how we appear to others 2. We imagine other's judgmetn of us 3. We respond to the judgments that we believe others are making by developoing the Self.

Role Conflict

When occupying > 2 roles with contradictory demands ; Ex. Student, worker, parent, or all 3

Back Stage

Where we do little, or no impression management. Same group of people behave differently in the back. Self is socially constructed; its made in intereaction with others who also participate with your presentation of self.

Front Stage

Where we do the most impression management; Waiters, Cashiers

Saturated Self

is reffering to the idea that post modern individuals have a self that is created from pieces of what ever sources are available.

Why does the family have such a powerful impact as an agent of socialization?

Families begin the socialization process before there are any other competing influences.

Family

First agent for many since it is the first way to learn norms and language

According to George Herbert Mead, wy is playing organized games important part of an older child's development of the self?

Game playing involves taking on multiple roles and learning to anticipate and coordinatie with other player's actions.

How is role different from a status?

A role involves behaviors.

Adult Socialization

Adults are still exposed to new situations and new roles with new norms and values. Dating after a divorce may require new attitudes, behaviors

Embodied Status

Based on physical characteristic (beauty)

Roles

Based on status; you have a status, then you're behaving in a particular way

Ascribed Status

Born with; very difficult to change. Ex. Race, Age

Peers

CHildren and teens spenc more time with peers than anyone else

Who came up with "the looking glass self"?

Charles Cooley

Schools

Children first learn how to become less dependent on family

Erving Goffman

Dramaturgry Symbolic Interactionism

Goffman

Dramaturgry; Builds off Thomas; focuses on how people define situations through interactions. Likes to use "actors on a stage" analogy. Expressions given: intended verbal speech Expressions given of Non-verbal; facial expressions

Because impression management relies so much on strategies of performance, scholars have called Erving Goffman's ideas

Dramaturgy

Sigmund Freud

Id, Ego, Superego Psychology

W. I. Thomas/Thomas Theorm

If people define situation as real, they are real in their consequences. Acting on a situation based on how you and others defined the situation (danger, play) makes real consequences. Ex. if meteorologists declare a huge snow storm, people clear grocery stores out.

Mass Media

Internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of different dominiant cultures adn subcultures through t.v, radio, and movies

Superego

Keeps us insocial behavior and upholds your idea of who you should be. Parental Guidence Ex. Black Friday; Waiting in line becasue shoving is wrong

Role Exit

Leaving a role

Socialization refers to the

Lifelong process by which people learn the norms, values, and beliefs of their culture.

Charles Cooley

Looking Glass Self Symbolic Interactionism

Status

Position in a social hieracrchy that carries a set of expectations we have many statuses.

George Herbert Mead

Prep. stage, play stage, game stage. Symbolic Interactionism

Socializations

Society, culture, or group teaching individuals how to become functioning members who contribute toward society. Individuals learn and internalize the values and norms. WIthout socialization, no language, norms, regular development. Biology give us the opportunity to change.

What are the parts of the mind according to Freud's theoretical perspective?

The Id, the Ego, and the Superego.

How do sociologists define the self?

The experience of real identity, distinct from other people.

Mead

The self was created throug childhood through social interaction; 1. Preparatory: <3 years old; actions are based off imitation 2. Play: Children play differnt role of particualr others 3. Games: engaging in games with rules where children can understand the perspective of generalized others. *All for the daul nature of self seing self as the "I" (less social) and the object "me" (social and rely on others)

Which of the following is true of expression given, as defined by Erving Goffman?

They are typically verbal and intentional.

Personal Front

apperance, manner, dress, gender, that is used to present ourselves

Acheived Status

individual effort or imposed on by others. Occupation, happy, skill *One can become a master status; *Making assumptions based on what you think is someone's master status is stereotyping.

Id

maximize happy and pleasure; avoid pain and displeasure. Basic and simple; typically, young children operate based on Id. Ex. Black Friday; shoving

The nature vs. nurture debate helps us understand

the complex interaction between hereditary traits and social learning.

Role Strain

the tension felt when there are contradictory demands within the role

Ego

uses reason to work to keep the Id under control. Ex. Black Friday; shoppers wait in line, because shoving makes people hate you.