Chapter 4 - System Software (4)
Desktop OS examples
Windows Microsoft, Windows 8/10 has features to integrate mobile and tablet systems; MacOS first to use GUI, now OSX, first one wasn't user friendly
examples of stand alone operating system
Windows, Apple OSX
virtualization
ability to support multiple operating systems on a single physical machine
use of device drivers
allows communication between a device and the computer, loaded into memory each time a computer is started, when a new device is added, new device drivers must be installed
popular mobile OS's
android google, blackberry os, fireos amazon, iOS apple, windows phone microsoft
BIOS
basic input/output system
popular utility suites
bit defender, norton utilities, zone alarm
cold boot
booting up when the power was originally off
warm boot
booting up when the power was originally on, known as rebooting
utility suites
combine several programs into one package, less expensive
operating system - provides user interface - 3 types
command line interface, menu driven interface, graphical user interface
operating systems
coordinate computer resources, collection of programs that handles technical tasks
operating system - manages computer resources
coordinate memory, processing, storage, printers, and monitors; monitor system performance; schedule tasks; provide security; start up the computer
language translators
coverts programming instructions into language computers can process
device drivers
designed to allow input or output devices to communicate with the rest of the computer system
UNIX
designed to run on minicomputers in network environments, gave you much more control on the computer, bases for other OS included chrome
other names for stand alone operating system
desktop, client-operating system
DOS
disk operating system
virtualization software
each virtual machine appears as a separate independent computer, has a host OS and a guest OS
Mobile OS
embedded operating system in every smartphone
3 categories of operating systems
embedded, network operating systems, and stand-alone
multitasking
execute two or more applications running simultaneously (foreground and background applications)
system software
handles the technical details, keeps users from having to interact directly with hardware
three main uses of operating systems
manage resources, provide user interface, and run applications
multiprocessing
multiple CPU's running at the same time
operating system - runs applications - 3 types
multitasking, multiuser, multiprocessing
Linux
open source operating system created by Linus Torvalds
function of a DOS
operating system for IBM compatible PC's, introduced in 1981
4 types of system software
operating systems, utilities, device drivers, language translators
utilities
perform special tasks related to managing computer resources, designed to make computing easier
booting
process of starting or restarting a computer; computer runs a set of instructions called BIOS stored on ROM to load operating system
ROM
read only memory
examples of embedded operating system
smartphones, cable TV tuner boxes, video game systems
another name for operating systems
software environment/platform
graphical user interface (GUI)
the user point to icons with the mouse
menu-driven interface
the user selects options from a menu typically using the arrow and enter keys
command-line interface
the user types keywords/commands after a prompt
examples of utilities
troubleshooting, antivirus/internet security, backup, file compression, disk cleanup, disk defragmenter, uninstaller, file viewers, screensavers
multiuser
two or more users run the same program, usually happens on a network
network operating system
windows server, linux, unix, OS stored on network server which coordinates all communication between the other computers
