Chapter 4-Validity

True/False. Content validity is linked to the definition of the construct being defined.

True

True/False. Validity is a unitary concept.

True

Identify the 4 major types of validity.

1) Content validity 2) Criterion-related validity 3) Construct validity 4) Face validity

How is content validity different from other forms of validity?

Content validity is defined by the actions the scale creator takes at the outset of scale development.

Define validity.

It is a degree to which all the accumulated evidence supports the intended interpretation of test scores for the proposed use.

True/False. A scales content should reflect the conceptual definition applicable to that scale.

True

True/False. Construct validity is assessed indirectly because the relevant comparison is to a latent variable rather than an observabel variable.

True

True/False. Content validity is concerned with items sampling adequacy; the extent to which a specific set of items reflects a content domain.

True

True/False. If a scale is reliable, variation in scale scores can be attributes to the true score of some phenomenon that exerts a causal influence over ALL the times.

True

True/False. Validity is the degree to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure.

True

True/False. Validity is the degree to which evidence and theory support the interpretations of test scores for proposed uses of tests.

True

What is validity about?

What the instrument is actually measuring.

When does a scale have content validity?

When its items are a randomly chosen subset of the universe of appropriate items.

When does an item or scale have criterion-related validity?

When there is an empirical association with some criterion or punitive "gold standard".

Reliability is about____________

consistency and predictability

True/False. A causal influence does not guarantee that the latent variable shared by the items is the variable of interest

True

Give an example of postdictive validity

predicting birth weight from infancy developmental status scale

Give an example of concurrent validity

predicting driving skill from answers to oral question asked during a driving test.

Criterion-related validity is often referred to as _________

predictive validity

Define face validity

Extent to which an instrument appears to be measuring what it's supposed to measure

Define discriminate/divergent validity

absence of correlation between measures of unrelated constructs

Define Convergent validity

evidence of similarity between measures of theoretically related constructs.

What is content validity?

the extent to which a measure represents all facets of a given construct.

What is the most important aspect of criterion related validity?

the strength of the empirical relationship between two events.

Define construct validity

the theoretical relationship of a variable with other variables.