Chapter 40 Biology

Which of the following is a mechanism that some antiviral drugs use to fight viruses?

(A) Interfering with the ability of viruses to invade cells and multiply once inside of them. "However, antiviral drugs have been developed to fight certain viral diseases. These drugs generally inhibit the ability of viruses to invade cells and to multiply once inside cells" (1035).

Which of the following is an example of a vector and the disease it spreads?

(A) Tall grass and Lyme disease. "Animals that carry pathogens from person to person are called Malaria,Lyme disease, West Nile virus, and rabies are diseases carried by vectors. Avoiding tall grass and wooded areas where deer and field mice dwell will limit your exposure to ticks that carry Lyme disease. Staying away from wild animals can reduce your risk of being bitten by a rabid animal" (1034).

Which of the following is NOT a step in identifying the pathogen that causes a specific disease?

(A) The pathogen should be found in the body of a healthy organism. "1.) The pathogen should always be found in the body of a sick organism and should not be found in a healthy one" (1032).

Antibiotics fight infections by_______.

(B) Killing bacteria. "Antibiotics are compounds that kill bacteria without harming the cells of the human or animal hosts" (1035).

The germ theory of disease states that infectious diseases are caused by____.

(B) Microorganisms. "...Led them to conclude that infectious diseases were caused by microorganisms of different types, commonly called germs" (1031).

Compounds that kill bacterial cells without harming the cells of humans or other animals are called_____.

(C) Antibiotics. "Antibiotics are compounds that kill bacteria without harming the cells of the human or animal hosts" (1035).

How can you prevent the spread of Lyme disease?

(C) Avoid tall grasses and wooded areas. "Avoiding tall grass and wooded areas where deer and field mice dwell will limit your exposure to ticks that carry Lyme disease" (1034).

An example of an infectious disease that is caused by a virus is_____.

(C) Influenza [Flu]. "NA or DNA, and take over many of the functions of the host cell. Viruses can infect nearly every type of organism—including plants, animals, and bacteria.Diseases caused by viruses include the common cold, influenza,smallpox, and warts" (1033).

An infectious disease is one that is caused by_____.

(C) Pathogens. "Diseases caused by pathogens are generally called infectious diseases"(1031).

How are infectious diseases spread?

(D) All of the above. "Infectious diseases can be transmitted in a number of ways.Some infectious diseases are spread from one person to another through coughing, sneezing, or physical contact. Other infectious diseases are spread through contaminated water or food. Still others are spread by infected animals" (1034).

Diseases are caused by_______.

(D) All of the above. "Some diseases are reproduced by agents, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi.Others are caused by materials in the environment, such as cigarette smoke. Still others, such as hemophilia, are inherited" (1031).

Each of the following is an infectious disease EXCEPT____.

(D) Cancer.