chapter 45 diagnostic testing

the normal range of hemoglobin for females is ---

12-16 g/dl

8-20mg/dL

BUN

one of the waste products found in urine

BUN (blood urea nitrogen)

the normal hematocrit range for adult males is ----

42-52 percent

this enzyme is especially helpful in diagnosing a myocardial infarction in patients with chest pain

Ck (creatinine kinase)

132-145 mEq/L

Sodium

cell mediated immunity including delayed hypersensitivity and graft rejection

T lymphocytes

regulations of immune response

T lymphocytes

erythrocyte sedimentation rate- the rate at which rbc settle in a calibrated tube within a given time of one hour

ESR or sed rate

hemglobin

Hgb or Hb

this might include electrolytes BUN and creatinine

kidney function test

when HDL cholesterol levels are --- after fasting the patient is more apt to have deposits of plaque in the arteries

less than 45 Mg/dL

this would include enzymes and chemestries related to liver function and dysfunction

liver panel

the extracts of substances used in allergy immunotherapy

may vary in strength from one company to another

phenylketonuria is a congenital disease caused by a defect in the metabolism of the phenylalanine amino acid. if this condition goes undetected and untreated the result is

mental retardation

4 * 3

monocytes

cooperation in immune response

monocytes

phagocytosis of microorganisms and cell debris

monocytes

their functions include phagocytosis of microorganisms and cell debris and cooperation in immune response

monocytes

abnormalities of the red blood cells such as size and shape

morphology

their functions include phagocytosis , killing of bacteria, and releasing a pyrogen that produces fever

neutrophils

always requires immediate intervention by a health care provider

panic value

the log should include all but which of the following

patients date of birth

screening test done with capillary blood from an infants heels

phenylketonuria PKU

POL

physicians office laboratory

substance that can build up on the inside of the arteries if cholesterol levels stay elevated for an extended period of time

plaque

platelet count

plt

3.5-5.2 mEq/L

potassium

normal 10-13 seconds international normalized ratio (INR) 1.0-1.4

prothrombin time

coagulation test commonly used to assess the therapeutic range of warfarin therapy

prothrombin time PT

test that determines the presence of immunoglobulins that are present in greater amounts in those with allergies

radioallergosobent test RAST

the chief function of the --- is delivering oxygen to the cells and picking up carbon dioxide to be exhales

red blood cells

cannot be formed by red blood cells of a patient with sickle cell anemia

rouleaux pattern

when a patients hemoglobin falls below 10d/dl the patient can experience

shortness of breath and tiredness and have a pale appearance to his or her skin

levels are above 145 mEq/L indicates a level of dehydration

sodium

when a patient experiences hypoglycemia the bone marrow is producing

too many red blood cells

130-200 mg/dL fasting

total cholesterol

atherosclerosis , arteriosclerosis

total cholesterol

40-150 mg/dL (fasting)

triglycerides

this is lipid but is not as structurally complex as cholesterol molecules

triglycerides

the responsible agent for gouty arthritis when levels exceed 7.5 mg/dL

uric acid

which of the following is not a symptoms commonly observed in the first stages of HIV

vomiting

a life threatening allergic reaction must be counteracted with and injection of

adrenaline (epinephrine)

which of the following suggestions for discussion would not be appropraite with patients who have allergies

advise them to monitor consumption of what they are allergic to

if you have to open a new bottle of reagent or a new test kit during the day you might need to

all the above

this knowledge is useful in ---- as reported in graphs and tables to ensure the results are being delivered to providers for evaluation in a timely manner

analyzing health care results

a decrease in the total number of red blood cells constitutes a type of

anemia

medical name for when a patients circulating erythrocytes are deficient

anemia

on which part of the body is a patch test typically performed

arm

following an allergy immunotherapy injection the patient must be observed for ---- minutes for a possible reaction

20

0.3 * 1

basophils

release of chemical mediators of immediate hypersensitivity

basophils

the normal ESR rate value for a female is ----

0-20 mm/hr

which type of blood may be used for a hematocrit

capillary and venous

when performing an allergy scratch test the scratches should be ---

1 1/2 - 2 inches apart

enzyme found in muscles that is released if a muscle is damaged

creatine kinase (ck)

0.7-1.4 mg/dL

creatinine

when levels become elevated it can indicate a problem with renal function

creatinine

what is the average glucose tolerance range for a fasting specimen

70-100 mg/dL

their functions include humoral immunity and the production of specific antibodies against viruses bacteria and other proteins

B lymphocytes

usually ordered when a patient has a consistently high fasting blood sugar

Glucose tolerance test (GTT)

6.2.> 45 mg/dL fasting

HDL cholesterol

the function of this type of cholesterol is to transport the bad cholesterol out of the vessels and to the liver

HDL cholesterol

this is the good cholesterol

HDL cholesterol

hematocrit

Hct

<100mg/dL fasting

LDL cholesterol

primarily responsible for depositing plaque on the interior of arterial walls

LDL cholesterol

this is the bad cholesterol

LDL cholesterol

essential for proper muscles functioning particularly for the heart muscle

Potassium (k)

laboratories commonly use this prior to reviewing a slide under the oil immersion lens of a microscope when performing a WBC differential

Wrights stain

when a nasal smear is performed the secreations are examined to determine the ----

eosinophil

2.7 * 2

eosinophils

phagocytosis of antigen complexes killing of parasites

eosinophils

should be administered about an inch above the site by order of the provider if severe reaction occurs during intradermal allergy testing

epinephrine

infectious mono is an illness caused by the ---

epstein barr virus

having nothing to eat or drink for at least 12 hours prior to a test

fasting

Gtt or Ogtt

glucose tolerance test or oral glucose tolerance test

modified form of the hemoglobin that is elevated when the blood glucose remains high

glycohemoglobin

naturally produced by the body to attach itself to certain cells to cause dilation of blood vessels and contraction of smooth muscles

histamine

hCG

human chorionic gonadotropin

diagnostic tests that use techniques for measure the amount of antigens and antibodies present relative to a specific illness

immunoassays