Chapter 5 Bone Structure test

Julie experienced a break in the shaft of her femur. What part of her bone was fractured?

diaphysis

What does collagen provide as a component of bone?

elasticity

A fracture in the ________ can impair the lengthwise growth of bones in a child.

epiphyseal plate

Which of the following is only found associated with a child's bone?

epiphyseal plate

An incomplete bone break, known as a(n) ________ fracture, is commonly seen in children.

greenstick

The physician knew her patient was most likely a child before she walked into the examination room because the X-ray revealed a(n) ________.

greenstick fracture

The first step in bone healing involves the formation of a blood-filled swelling known as a(n) ________.

hematoma

What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo?

hyaline cartilage

Which of these bone markings is a projection that serves as a site for muscle or ligament attachment?

tubercle

What bones protect the spinal cord?

vertebrae

Which of the following could create an open, or compound, fracture?

when the broken bone penetrates through the skin

Each complex of central canal and matrix rings in compact bone is known as ________.

an osteon (Haversian system)

The skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage form the ________ skeleton.

axial

The canal that runs through the core of each osteon (Haversian system) contains ________.

blood vessels and nerve fibers

The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that ________.

bone length is increasing

Small canals that connect osteocytes in their lacunae to the central canal are known as ________.

canaliculi

A bone fracture that results in the bone being broken into many fragments is a ________.

comminuted fracture

The process of bone formation is known as ________.

ossification

When growing bones widen through appositional growth, what kind of cells add bone matrix to the outside of the diaphysis?

osteoblasts

Mothers who breast-feed their children will lose a percentage of calcium from their bones. Which hormone is responsible for raising blood calcium levels when they drop below homeostatic levels?

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

regulation of blood pressure

Cube-shaped bones that contain mostly spongy bone are called ________ bones.

short

In adults, the function of the yellow marrow is to ________.

store adipose tissue

Part complete The factor(s) that determine where bone matrix is to be remodeled is (are) ________.

stress of gravity and pull of muscles on the skeleton