chapter 5 hw the integument

Which of the following will most likely cause a greasier scalp and dandruff?

increased testosterone

Actively dividing cells in a nail are found in the __________.

nail matrix

Dividing stem cells that give rise to keratinocytes are located in the __________.

stratum basale

The most superficial layer of the cutaneous membrane is called the __________.

epidermis

Which of the following is NOT one of the functions of the integumentary system?

vitamin C synthesis

Max and Breanna go to the beach, and Max tells Breanna that she does not need sunscreen because she is African American and individuals with dark skin cannot get sunburns or skin cancer. What should Breanna tell him in response?

Breanna should inform Max that people with darker skin are still susceptible to both sunburns and skin cancer

You are a researcher for a cosmetics company, and the company wants you to devise a product that makes eyelashes grow longer. How could this be achieved?

By increasing the rate of mitotic division of keratinocytes

While woodworking, your friend Lily cuts her forearm with a saw. You examine the wound and see large quantities of adipose tissue at its base. Her wound extends down to the ____.

Deeper than the cutaneous membrane

Which of the following molecules turns orange red when oxidized?

Hemoglobin

Vitiligo is a condition characterized by death or dysfunction of scattered groups of melanocytes in the skin. How might vitiligo cause the skin to appear?

It may cause dark patches along with lighter patches.

A hypothetical drug causes blood vessels to grow from the dermis into the superficial stratum granulosum of the epidermis. What effect would you see in the most superficial epidermal layers?

It will thicken the epidermis.

What is the pigment that protects the DNA of keratinocytes from mutations induced by UV radiation?

Melanin

Paper cuts often involve only the epidermis. You may get a paper cut and notice that it doesn't bleed, but you can still feel it. Why can you feel it but the cut isn't bleeding?

Merkel cells are found in the stratum basale and the cut is not extensive enough to reach the dermis.

Which of the following is a true statement?

Products with amino acids for hair and nails could affect future hair and nail growth.

Lily gets a wound that is located on her left anterior forearm and cuts straight across the width of her arm. Select the correct statement.

Scarring may occur because the cut runs perpendicular to the tension lines.

In which layer of the epidermis are stem cells located?

Stratum basale

What is the name of the thicker, coarser, more pigmented hair found on the scalp?

Terminal hair

Predict what would happen to the cells of the epidermis if blood vessels in the dermis constricted and decreased blood flow for several hours.

The cells of the epidermis will reduce activity and potentially die.

A hypothetical poison prevents oxygen from binding to hemoglobin. How would this affect skin color in a fair-skinned person?

The skin would appear to have a faint bluish tint.

Burn victims often suffer damage to large portions of the integument. Predict the complications these patients may develop.

There may be increased activity in damaged nerves.

Glands that release sweat into hair follicles are called __________.

apocrine sweat glands

Keratinocytes in the stratum corneum __________.

are dead and filled with keratin

In order, from deep to superficial, what are the five strata of the epidermis?

basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum

The epidermis receives nutrients and oxygen from:

capillary networks in the dermis

Which of the following best describes holocrine gland secretion?

cell rupture and die to secrete their product

A surgical incision along tension lines __________.

closes and heals with relatively little scarring

Which of the following is a characteristic of the epidermis?

consists of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

The bluish coloration of skin due to reduced levels of oxygen is called __________.

cyanosis

If you administer a subcutaneous injection, the needle will penetrate the layers in which of the following orders, starting from the skin surface?

epidermis, papillary layer of dermis, reticular layer of dermis, subcutaneous layer

The unique, characteristic pattern of epidermal ridges is visible as __________.

fingerprints

Hair growth occurs at the __________.

hair root

If the dermis did not have dermal papillae, __________.

it would be harder to supply the epidermis with nutrients and oxygen

Which of the following is NOT a skin pigment? melanin keratin carotene hemoglobin

keratin

Which type of tissue makes up the outermost cutaneous membrane of your body?

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

The most numerous cells of the epidermis are the __________.

keratinocytes

Sebum is a(n) __________.

oily mixture that lubricates skin and hair

If an infant consumes too much carotene from baby food, her skin might turn __________.

orange

Predict which of the following regions of the body will have predominantly thick skin.

palms

An oily secretion that coats and conditions the skin and hair is secreted by the __________.

sebaceous glands