Chapter 5 IT infrastructure: hardware and software
An example of autonomic computing is: A) virus protection software that runs and updates itself automatically. B) software programmed to run on any hardware platform. C) cell phones taking on the functions of handheld computers. D) programming languages that allow non-programmers to create custom applications.
A
In co-location, a firm: A) purchases and owns their Web server but locates the server in the physical facility of a hosting service. B) contracts with an external vendor to run their computer center and networks. C) off-loads peak demand for computing power to remote, large-scale data centers. D) utilizes an external, distributed computing grid.
A
Linux: A) is a Windows-like operating system. B) plays a major role in running Web servers and local area networks. C) is the primary OS used in quantum computing. D) is designed to support only UNIX computers.
A
Running a Java program on a computer requires: A) a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on the computer. B) a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on the server hosting the Java applet. C) an applet to be downloaded to the user's computer. D) no extra or specialized software, as Java is platform-independent.
A
The interactive, multiuser operating system developed by Bell Laboratories in 1969 to be highly supportive of communications and networking is: A) UNIX. B) Linux. C) Mac OS. D) COBOL.
A
To analyze the direct and indirect costs and determine the actual cost of specific technology implementations, you would use a: A) total cost of ownership model. B) return on investment model. C) break-even point. D) cost benefit analysis.
A
Translating software to different languages is commonly referred to as: A) software localization. B) scaling. C) service-oriented architecture. D) outsourcing.
A
Which of the following devices collects data directly from the environment for input into a computer system? A) Sensor B) Touch screen C) Audio input D) Trackball
A
Which of the following is a type of optical disk storage? A) CD-ROM B) Hard drive C) USB Flash drive D) Magnetic tape
A
Which type of software provides more control over text and graphic placement in the layout of a page than word processing software? A) Desktop publishing software B) Spreadsheet software C) Graphics software D) Presentation software
A
You use ________ to predict when a computer hardware system becomes saturated. A) capacity planning B) virtualization C) localization D) measured service
A
Which of the following types of computer would you use to support a computer network? A) Server B) Mainframe C) Workstation D) PC
A server
The primary storage technologies are: A) storage networks, magnetic tape, magnetic disk, and optical disk. B) hard drives, magnetic tape, magnetic disk, and optical disk. C) storage networks, magnetic disks, hard disks, and optical disks. D) hard drives, removable drives, storage networks, and magnetic tape.
A storage networks, magnetic tape, magnetic disk, and optical disk
Software that manages the resources of the computer is called: A) system software. B) application software. C) data management software. D) network software.
A system software
In client/server computing, the client is: A) the computer that acts as the user point of entry. B) the location of the bulk of the processing. C) software program used for logging on to the network. D) the computer that firsts asks for services
A the computer that acts as the user point of entry
What would be a reason for using a workstation rather than a personal computer? A) When you need more powerful computational abilities B) When you need to access a network C) When you need to serve applications and data to client computers D) When you need to share resources
A when you need more powerful computational abilities
A(n) ________ allows users to interact with a computer by using several fingers to perform gestures without using a mouse or keyboard. A) GUI B) multitouch interface C) touch screen D) interface
B
All of the following place strain on system capacity, except for: A) increased number of users. B) minimized response time for transaction processing. C) increased business volume. D) large numbers of interactive Web pages.
B
Linux plays a major role in supporting business information systems, and has garnered about ________ of the U.S. server market. A) 10 percent B) 25 percent C) 50 percent D) 80 percent
B
Microsoft Excel is an example of: A) data management software. B) spreadsheet software. C) presentation graphics. D) word processing software.
B
Microsoft Word is an example of: A) open-source software. B) word-processing software. C) software productivity suite. D) data management software.
B
Purchasing computing power from a central computing service and paying only for the amount of computing power used is commonly referred to as: A) grid computing. B) utility computing. C) client/server computing. D) autonomic computing.
B
The main challenge coming to Microsoft's Office software suite will be: A) open-source, Linux-based suites such as StarOffice. B) Web-based productivity software such as Google Apps. C) mobile software. D) in-house, custom software created using open-source Web services.
B
What is the foundation technology for Web services? A) HTML B) XML C) SOAP D) UDDI
B
What type of device gathers data and converts them into electronic form for use by the computer? A) Output device B) Input device C) Optical storage D) Magnetic storage
B
Which of the following refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a larger number of users without breaking down? A) Modifiability B) Scalability C) Expandability D) Disintermediation
B
Which of the following statements is not true about cloud computing? A) It consists of three types of services: cloud infrastructure, cloud platform, and cloud software. B) It removes the concern about data and systems security for businesses. C) It allows smaller firms to use resources previously unaffordable. D) It relies on the Internet as the platform for delivering services to users.
B
________ is free software created and updated by a worldwide community of programmers. A) An app B) Open-source software C) Cloud-based software D) A Web service
B
Software used to apply the computer to a specific task for an end user is called: A) system software. B) application software. C) data management software. D) network software
B Application software
The business case for using grid computing involves all of the following except: A) cost savings. B) centralized maintenance. C) speed of computation. D) agility
B centralized maintenance
The use of multiple computers linked by a communications network for processing is called: A) grid computing. B) distributed processing. C) client/server computing. D) centralized processing.
B distributed processing
In a multitiered network: A) the work of the entire network is centralized. B) the work of the entire network is balanced over several levels of servers. C) processing is split between clients and servers. D) processing is handled by multiple, geographically remote clients.
B the work of the entire network is balanced over several levels of servers
Legacy systems are still in use today because: A) they can only be run on the older mainframe computers. B) they are too expensive to redesign. C) many integrate well using new Web services technologies. D) they contain valuable data that would be lost during redesign
B they are too expensive to redesign
A set of self-contained services that communicate with each other to create a working software application is called: A) Web services. B) enterprise integration. C) SOA. D) ERP.
C
A software suite: A) includes capabilities for presentation graphics as well as text-editing and spreadsheets. B) provides functions to support the collaborative activities of workgroups, including software for group writing, information-sharing, and electronic meetings. C) includes full-featured versions of application software bundled as a unit. D) combines the functions of important PC software packages
C
In order to manage their relationship with an outsourcer or technology service provider, firms need a contract that includes a(n): A) TCO. B) SOA. C) SLA. D) API.
C
Linux is: A) primarily concerned with the tasks of end users. B) designed for specific machines and specific microprocessors. C) an example of open-source software. D) especially useful for processing numeric data.
C
Software applications that combine different components of online software applications are referred to as: A) integrated software. B) widgets. C) mashups. D) grid computing.
C
The toy manufacturer you work for wants to exchange data with a chain of toy stores in order to improve their distribution and speed to market. The toy stores use different software than your firm. Which of the following tools or technologies presents the best solution? A) Mashups B) Extranet C) Web services D) Cloud computing
C
Virtualization: A) allows one operating system to manage several physical machines. B) has enabled microprocessor manufacturers to reduce the size of transistors to the width of an atom. C) can boost server utilization rates to 70% or higher. D) allows smartphones to run full-fledged operating systems.
C
Which of the following is not one of the most important programming languages for business? A) Java B) C++ C) XML D) Visual Basic
C
________ describes the practices and technologies used minimize the environmental effects of manufacturing and managing computing devices. A) Capacity planning B) Cloud computing C) Green computing D) Autonomic computing
C
Software that organizes, manages, and processes business data, such as data concerned with inventory, customers, and vendors, is called: A) system software. B) application software. C) data management software. D) network software.
C data management software
Connecting geographically remote computers in a single network to create a "virtual supercomputer" is called: A) co-location. B) cloud computing. C) grid computing. D) autonomic computing.
C grid computing
A high-speed network dedicated to storage that connects different kinds of storage devices, such as tape libraries and disk arrays so they can be shared by multiple servers, best describes: A) SSN. B) ASP. C) LAN. D) SAN.
D
An industry-wide effort to develop systems that can configure, optimize, tune, and heal themselves when broken, and protect themselves from outside intruders and self-destruction is called: A) grid computing. B) utility computing. C) cloud computing. D) autonomic computing
D
Apps: A) lower the cost of switching mobile platforms. B) are an example of open-source software. C) tie the user to a particular hardware platform. D) require the user to have an online connection.
D
ChicagoCrime.org, which combines Google Maps with crime data for the city of Chicago, is an example of: A) cloud computing. B) SOA. C) a widget. D) a mashup.
D
Which of the following is an open-source operating system designed for mobile devices? A) iOS B) OS X C) Chrome D) Android
D
Which of the following is not a type of output device? A) Speakers B) Cathode ray tube C) Ink jet printer D) Keyboard
D
Which of the following storage technology stores data sequentially? A) CD-ROM B) RAID C) Magnetic disks D) Magnetic tape
D
________ is an operating system-independent, processor-independent, object-oriented programming language that has become a leading interactive programming environment for the Web. A) XML B) SOA C) HTML D) Java
D
Which of the following types of computer is used for weather forecasting? A) Mainframe B) Server C) Minicomputer D) Supercomputer
D supercomputer
A client computer networked to a server computer, with processing split between the two types of machines, is called a(n) ________ architecture. A) service-oriented B) on-demand C) multitiered client/server D) two-tiered client/server
D two tiered client/server
A mainframe is a type of legacy workstation.
False
An SaaS provider maintains a large Web server, or series of servers, and provides fee-paying subscribers with space to maintain their Web sites.
False
Application server software is responsible for locating and managing stored Web pages.
False
Client/server computing is the most widely used form of centralized processing.
False
HTML5 is the latest evolution of HTML, and is designed to make it much easier to embed third-party add-ons, such as Flash animations, in web pages.
False
IT infrastructure technology is the set of physical devices required to operate the entire enterprise.
False
Today, most system and application software is custom built by in-house programmers.
False
Using an online storage service such as DropBox is a type of virtualization.
False
A software package for a mainframe usually requires a programmer to install it.
True
In cloud computing, rapid elasticity refers to the ability of computing resources to be quickly altered to meet demand.
True
Nanotechnology uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices that are thousands of times smaller than current technologies permit.
True
Systems integration means ensuring the legacy systems work with new elements of the infrastructure.
True
XML provides a standard format for data exchange, enabling Web services to pass data from one process to another.
True
Allowing departments to make their own software and hardware purchases increases efficiency and minimizes the need for centralized support.
false
One of the main benefits of moving to mobile business computing platforms is the dramatically lower costs of hardware.
false
SaaS providers deliver and provide Web-based, remote access to storage.
false
XML is limited to describing how data should be presented in the form of Web pages; HTML can perform presentation, communication, and storage of data.
false
In a(n) ________ computing model, companies use their own infrastructure for essential computing tasks and adopt public cloud computing for less critical operations or additional processing during peak business periods.
hybrid cloud
A computer language translation program is an example of system software.
true
A private cloud is operated by a single organization but may be managed by a third party and be located off premises.
true
Hypertext markup language specifies how text, graphics, video, and sound are placed on a document.
true
Software localization refers to the entire process of converting software to operate in a second language.
true
The collection of Web services that are used to build a firm's software systems constitutes what is known as a service-oriented architecture.
true
Total cost of ownership components include costs for downtime, training, and support.
true
Web browsers are the primary interface for accessing the Internet.
true
Web services can exchange information between two different systems regardless of the operating system or programming languages on which the systems are based.
true