Chapter 5, Lesson 2, 5, 6
Where is Earth's biosphere located?
10 km above Earth's surface to about 10 km below the ocean surface
Climate describe the weather conditions over the last ________ years
30 - thirty
About how much of Earth's surface is covered by water?
75%
The weather patterns over a long time
Climate
The height above sea level
Elevation
T or F? Earth's lithosphere extends all the way to Earth's center?
False
T or F? The lithosphere is all the land on Earth that is not covered by water?
False
T or F: Temperatures in temperate zone remain steady year round?
False, because the sun is more direct in the summer
T or F? The hydrosphere is made up of mostly fresh water.
False: because it's mostly made of salt water
As degrees of latitude increase what happens to temperature
It decreases
A measure of how for a place is from the equator
Latitude
3 factors that can influence climate:
Latitude Elevation Distance from water
Where is most of Earth's hydrosphere?
Oceans
Three climate zones:
Polar zone - freezing, cold and icy Temperature zone - changing, breezy, warm Tropical zone - hot, sandy, sunny
Types of moving water that causes erosion?
River Rain Ocean Currents Glaciers waves
How can the weather in a temperature zone be similar to the weather in a tropical zone?
The weather can be sunny and very hot in a temperature zone for part of the year
What do all organisms in the biosphere have in common?
They all share resources, such as water, air and light
What part of earth does the suns energy hit most directly?
Tropical zone
T or F: It is cooler at the top of the mountain and then at the bottom
True because in the lower part of the atmosphere temperature decreases with increased elevation
What is climate?
Weather over a long period of time
How much of Earth's surface is NOT covered by ocean water or fresh water?
a little more than 1/4
hydrosphere
all the waters of Earth
What sphere helps protect things from being damaged by too much sunlight?
atmosphere
Four major spheres of Earth's System are..
atmosphere hydrosphere lithosphere biosphere
Why is the air pressure greater at Earth's surface?
because the pressure decreases as you go higher into the atmosphere
Water erosion is mostly common in which areas around the Gulf of Mexico?
coastal areas
These are formed when rivers deposit materials they are carrying as they enter larger bodies of water?
deltas
What are the forms of water found in a glacier?
frozen ice/water
How do glaciers cause erosion and deposition?
glaciers are pulled downhill by gravity, as they move, the grind the rocks beneath them into sediments along the path of their movement
What is the main force that causes erosion?
gravity
Fresh water is important to people and animals on Earth, which sphere is important?
hydrosphere
What is a sand dune?
lard, loose deposits of sand
sand dunes
large, loose deposits of sand
Which sphere is a glacier of part of?
lithosphere
atmosphere
mixture of water vapor and other gases, particles of dust, that surround Earth's surface
Which gas makes up MOST of Earth's atmosphere?
nitrogen
What could happen to organisms if Earth's atmosphere atmosphere were to disappear?
organisms ;might not survive the heat and water will evaporate
What are the two main gases in Earth's atmosphere?
oxygen and Nitrogen
biosphere
part of Earth where living things are found
What could you do to prevent wind erosion in a dry, sand area?
planting of grasses, building trenches
What can you do to prevent water erosion?
planting of trees and plants, helps hold soil in place Planting grasses, helps hold soil in place
Where does ground water come from?
rain or melted snow that is soaked into ground
What are the components of Earth's lithosphere?
rocks soils minerals
What uses the force of projected sand hitting a surface to change the surface?
sand blasting
lithosphere
solid, rocky outer layer of Earth
why is one side of a sand dune difference from the other side?
steady wind blowing in one direction across a sand dune picks up sand from one side of the dune and deposits it on the other side
erosion
the movement of materials away from a place
deposition
the process of laying down materials, such as rocks and soil
What causes rock particles to move from place to place?
water wind ice
A way Earth's spheres interact?
water from rivers evaporates into air
What is the major cause of erosion along coastlines?
waves
What can be the process of sand hitting the surface of rock until the rock breaks down and erodes?
wind erosion
What causes wind erosion?
wind erosion is caused by wind blowing dust, soil, and or sand from one place to another
