Chapter 5 Multiple Choice Quiz

What is one reason why Carl and his employers at the car dealership should behave morally?

A life without spontaneous and deliberate moral kindness may not be worth living.

Which of the following is the paradox of morality and advantage?

A morally right act must be reasonable and need not be reasonable.

Plato argues that you should choose to be moral even when it makes you a social outcast because:

Being moral promotes inner harmony and thus makes you happy.

According to English philosopher Thomas Hobbes, social instability has two sources:

Equality of ability to harm and the desire to satisfy your goals

What is the principle of rational self-interest?

If it is reasonable to do the act, then it must be in your interest to do it.

What conclusion can a person draw from the Prisoner's Dilemma about adhering to or violating the rules of morality?

It's better to secretly violate society's rules, regardless of what other people do.

Your text describes five social benefits of establishing and following moral rules. Which of the following is not one of them?

Morality enables you to refrain from assigning praise and blame.

According to your text, which vision of morality is not implied by a careful reflection on Hobbes and Lord of the Flies?

Morality is primarily a personal, individual matter.

If you and I play the game of Cooperate or Cheat, rational self-interest implies that:

Over the long run, you and I should cooperate.

Gauthier describes the problem of the clever amoralist through what he calls the:

Paradox of morality and advantage

When a group of people collectively agree as a way to reduce social chaos and create peace, it is best described as a:

Social contract

In Plato's story of Gyges, what does the shepherd represent?

Someone who does evil and is rewarded with social success

In Lord of the Flies, which portrays an example of the Hobbesian account of morality, sensitive Simon is the symbol of religious consciousness. What does Piggy symbolize?

The incarnation of philosophy and culture

Which of the following holds that, if it is reasonable to choose a life plan L, which includes the possibility of doing act A, then it must be in your interest to choose L, even though A itself may not be in your self-interest?

The modified principle of self-interest

For Thomas Hobbes, what is the state of insecurity in which there are no common ways of life, no enforced laws or moral rules, and no justice or injustice?

The state of nature