Chapter 5
Theory of Unconscious Inference
Some of our perceptions are the result of unconscious assumptions we make about the environment
Gestalt principle of Closure
The Gestalt principle that identifies the tendency to fill in gaps in figures and to see incomplete figures as complete
Viewpoint Invariance
The ability to recognize an object seen from different viewpoint
Gestalt principle of Pragnanz
The principle of Gesalt perception which says that we tend to order our experience in a manner that is regular, orderly, symmetric, and simple
Semantic Regularities
characteristics associated with the functions carried out in different types of scenes
Binocular Rivalry
each eye receives totally different images and the brain can not fuse the two images
Properties of Ground
more uniform extends behind figure
Figure Ground Segregation
separate figure from the ground
Gist of visual scene
the ability to identify scenes after viewing them for a fraction of a second
Gestalt principle of Similarity
A Gestalt principle in which objects, events, or individuals that are alike in appearance are perceived to belong to the same group.
Inverse Projection Problem
An image on the retina can be caused by an infinite number of objects
Gestalt principle of Good Continuation
The Gestalt principle that points connected result in straight or smoothly curving lines are seen as belonging together , and the lines tend to be seen in such a way as to follow the smoothest path
Gestalt principle of Meaningfulness
The Gestalt principle that states Items form groups if they appear familiar or meaningfulness
Gestalt principle of Proximity
The Gestalt principle that states Items near each other are grouped together
Gestalt principle of Uniform Connectedness
The Gestalt principle that states elements that a connected region of the same visual properties such as lightness , color , texture , or motion is perceived as a single unit
Gestalt principle of Common Region
The Gestalt principle that states things in the same region of space tend appear to be grouped together
Gestalt principle of Synchrony
The Gestalt principle that states things occurring at the same time are seen as belonging together
Gestalt principle of Common Fate
The Gestalt principle that states things that are moving in the same direction appear to be grouped together
Reversible Figure Ground
figure ground pattern that perceptually reverses as its viewed, so that the figure becomes the ground and the ground becomes the figure. Best known reversible figure ground is the Rubin's vase face pattern
Properties of Figure
more thing like more memorable in front of the ground contours belongs to the figure
Perceptual Organization
process by which elements in the environment become perceptually grouped to create our perception of objects
Physical Regularities
regularly occurring physical properties of the environment
Likelihood principle
we perceive the object that is most likely to cause pattern of stimuli we have perceived
