Chapter 5 Program Design

5.23. Which of the following is a major aide in communicating tacit knowledge? a. Product formula b. Manual c. Discussion d. Procedure document

Answer: c - discussion

5.1. The pre-training phase primarily involves _____. a. encouraging learners to apply what they have learned to their work b. preparing a concept map and curriculum road map to facilitate learning c. preparing, motivating, and energizing trainees to attend the learning event d. preparing instruction (classes, courses, programs, lessons) to facilitate learning

Answer: c - preparing, motivating, and energizing trainees to attend the learning event

5.19. Which term refers to a group of two or more trainees who agree to meet and discuss their progress using learned capabilities on the job? a. Quality circle b. Focus group c. Support network d. Strategic group

Answer: c - support network

5.5. According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), which of the following types of learners require instructors to emphasize personal needs, beliefs, values, and experiences? a. Proactive learners b. Feeling learners c. Thinking learners d. Reactive learners

Answer: b - Feeling learners

5.10. Which of the following statements is true of lesson plans? a. They are typically less detailed than a design document. b. They ensure that both the trainee and the trainer are aware of the course and program objectives. c. They include several courses and mainly focus on developing a set of competencies needed to perform a job. d. They are not documented.

Answer: b - They ensure that both the trainee and the trainer are aware of the course and program objectives.

5.9. A _____ refers to an organized program of study designed to meet a complex learning objective. a. course b. curriculum c. training map d. lesson plan

Answer: b - curriculum

5.20. With opportunity to perform, activity level refers to the _____. a. number of trained tasks performed on the job b. frequency with which trained tasks are performed on the job c. critical nature of the trained tasks d. number of employees performing a similar trained task

Answer: b - frequency with which trained tasks are performed on the job

5.8. Curricula differ from courses in that curricula _____. a. consist of narrower learning objectives b. include broader learning objectives c. address a more limited number of competencies d. take less time to complete

Answer: b - include broader learning objectives

5.11. _____ review meetings are meetings between a manager and employee, during which the strengths and weaknesses of the employee's performance are discussed and improvement goals are agreed upon. a. Performance testing b. Performance appraisal c. Performance engineering d. Performance budget

Answer: b - performance appraisal

5.13. Which of the following instances call for training with an emphasis on far transfer? a. Securing offices and buildings b. Handling routine client questions c. Creating a new product d. Logging into computers and using software

Answer: c - Creating a new product

5.25. Which of the following is a major cause for loss of explicit and tacit knowledge? a. Creating chief information officer (CIO) and chief learning officer (CLO) positions b. Requiring employees to give presentations to other employees c. Older employees retiring d. Use of social networking

Answer: c - Older employees retiring

5.15. Which of the following strategies is least appropriate for far transfer? a. Teaching general concepts, broad principles, or key behaviors b. Focusing on principles that might apply to a greater set of contexts beyond those presented in the training session c. Using standardized procedures, processes, and checklists d. Providing a list of prompts or questions to help trigger thoughts and questions from trainees

Answer: c - Using standardized procedures, processes, and checklists

5.4. _____ prefer blended learning. a. Traditionalists b. Baby Boomers c. Millennials d. Gen Xers

Answer: c - millenials

5.7. A(n) _____ gets learners into the appropriate mental state for learning and allows them to understand the personal and work-related meaningfulness of course content. a. concept map b. request for proposal c. ice breaker d. application assignment

Answer: a - concept map

5.2. If training emphasizes total group discussion with limited presentation and no small-group interaction, a _____ seating arrangement will be most effective. a. conference-type b. horseshoe c. fan-type d. classroom-type

Answer: a - conference-type

5.17. In training, the greatest level of support that a manager can provide is to _____. a. participate in training as an instructor b. allow trainees to attend training c. provide trainees opportunity to practice what they have learned d. discuss progress of the training sessions with trainees

Answer: a - participate in training as an instructor

5.12. A request for proposal (RFP) is a document mainly used to identify _____. a. potential vendors and consultants for training services b. employees who do not require training c. trainee prerequisites d. disruptive trainees

Answer: a - potential vendors and consultants for training services

5.21. Low levels of opportunity to perform may indicate that _____. a. training content is not important for the employee's job b. refresher courses for trainees are not necessary c. there is no decay in learned capabilities of employees d. the work environment supports transfer

Answer: a - training content is not important for the employee's job

5.16. Which of the following represents the lowest level of manager support for training? a. Participation in training themselves b. Encouragement of trainees' participation in training c. Allowing trainees to practice their skills d. Serving as a trainer

Answer: b - Encouragement of trainees' participation in training

5.22. Explicit knowledge _____. a. mainly consists of personal knowledge based on individual experience b. can be communicated only through discussion and demonstrations c. can be managed by a knowledge management system d. is highly influenced by perceptions and values

Answer: c - can be managed by a knowledge management system

5.24. Which of the following statements is true of knowledge management? a. Use of social networking sites hinders knowledge management. b. It involves acquiring knowledge, studying problems, attending training, and using technology only within work. c. It should be a central focus of training program design. d. Creating communities of practice and using "after-action reviews" at the end of each project facilitates knowledge management.

Answer: d - Creating communities of practice and using "after-action reviews" at the end of each project facilitates knowledge management.

5.14. Which of the following statements is true of near transfer? a. If the tasks emphasized in training involve more variable interactions with people or equipment and unpredictable responses, then instruction should emphasize near transfer. b. Programs that emphasize near transfer should ideally include general principles that might apply to a greater set of contexts than those presented in the training session. c. Teaching learners to create a new product or solve a difficult problem requires training with an emphasis on near transfer. d. Trainees should be encouraged to focus only on important differences between training tasks and work tasks rather than unimportant differences.

Answer: d - Trainees should be encouraged to focus only on important differences between training tasks and work tasks rather than unimportant differences.

5.18. A(n) _____ is a written document that includes the steps that a trainee and manager will take to ensure that training transfers to the job. a. concept map b. design document c. performance appraisal d. action plan

Answer: d - action plan

5.26. Effective knowledge sharing is most likely when employees _____. a. believe knowledge management is mandatory b. see knowledge sharing as an additional responsibility c. view knowledge as a means to have power over others d. have easy access to information within the context of their jobs

Answer: d - have easy access to information within the context of their jobs

5.6. Kitty has been a trainer for many years, and she has become disillusioned with her trainees. She believes that trainees today lack any motivation to learn. This attitude is apparent to her trainees, and her trainees then fail to exert personal initiative, as expected. What phenomenon is most likely occurring in this instance? a. Expectancy theory b. Low self-efficacy c. Behavior modeling d. Self-fulling prophecy

Answer: d - self-fulfilling prophecy

5.3. Which of the following statements is most true of Traditionalists? a. They don't mind being put on the spot in front of other trainees unlike Boomers. b. They dislike trainers asking them to share their experiences or anecdotes. c. They prefer dynamic learning environments. d. They value direct presentation of information that is organized logically.

Answer: d -They value direct presentation of information that is organized logically.